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Silicon tube Glass tube Ruler Figure 9. Apparatus used to measure low permeability samples 3.4.4 Bound Water Diffusion (Db) Avrimidis (2007) suggests that unsteady-state diffusion coefficient values are of more interest for drying modelling. However, through personal communication with experts in this field, Rémond (2010), suggested that for thick specimens of high density hardwood, measured diffusion coefficients under steady-state conditions would be equal to those in unsteady-state conditions. Therefore, as the species tested are of high density relative to most commercial species and steady-state measurements require less complex and cheaper equipment, we chose the steady-state regime to calibrate and refine the theoretical values described in section 3.5.7. Physical Properties. We used the same specimens to determine diffusion co-efficient values as those used to measure permeabilities in each direction for each species (see sampling methodology above). Wood specimens were initially equalised in a constant humidity and temperature chamber at 75 ± 2% relative humidity and 35 ± 0.1 oC to produce equilibrium conditions of 14% MC. The principle of measurement in the steady-state regime uses the technique of the vaporimeter (Plate 16). Specimens were placed onto similar diameter cylindrical glass vessels containing a saturated solution of deionised/purified water and chemical grade (>99.9%) NaCl. For a given temperature, the partial pressure of vapour relates directly to relative humidity. A saturated salt solution inside the vessel generates a relative humidity (RH2) of 75% at 35 oC. 31 Evaluation of super–heated steam vacuum drying viability and development of a predictive drying model for Australian hardwood species – Final reportPDF Image | Evaluation of super-heated steam vacuum drying
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