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pressure difference (Pa), and P is average pressure (Pa). The validity of Darcy’s law was proved for all test samples by the linear correlation found between the pressure difference (ΔP) and air flux (Q). Two ALU-CHA systems were used to cater for the two diameter class of specimens. One system was used for the longitudinal samples (Figure 7) and another for the larger diameter transverse samples. (Figure 8). Figure 7. ALU-CHA system for longitudinal Figure 8. ALU-CHA system for transverse samples samples For most species, permeability measurements in the radial and tangential directions could not be achieved using the regular experimental set-up as the permeability was too low, below the limitation of the flux-meter (10-18 m2). So instead the flux-meter was disconnected and a simple ‘venturi type’ tube was connected to the gas output of the ALU-CHA system. This entailed a flexible silicon hose connected to a glass tube with an internal radius of 2.87 mm. The radius of the tube was accurately calibrated using a laboratory pipette. The glass tube was placed in a beaker of water next to a 0.5 mm increment metal ruler (Figure 9). We could then measure permeability as before by measuring the volume of the displacement of water in the tube as a function of time (measured using a chronometer) at different pressures. Instead of measuring permeability over a matter of seconds, minutes or hours were required to obtain accurate measurements using this method. This method, although using relatively fundamental practices, was able to increase the range of permeability measurement 4 orders of magnitude, from 10-18 to 10-22. 30 Evaluation of super–heated steam vacuum drying viability and development of a predictive drying model for Australian hardwood species – Final reportPDF Image | Evaluation of super-heated steam vacuum drying
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