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Anaerobic Digestion of farm and food processing residues GoodPractice Guidelines Page42 Optimising performance It is possible to automate AD plants, but they will always need daily management and monitoring for quality, performance and health and safety. Anaerobic digestion is a robust process, but to ensure optimum performance the following aspects of management and monitoring should be considered: • Choice of appropriate technology for the specific circumstances • Security of supply and disposal routes • Achieving the desired dry solid content of feedstock: the more dry solids, the more gas per kg of feedstock that will be produced • Ensuring efficient mixing • Maintaining the correct temperature in the digester and ensuring sufficient heat transfer and capacity • Regular process monitoring • Efficient management, including operator training and the establishment of environmental management systems • Regular maintenance of moving parts and heat transfer surfaces • Maintenance of pH in the digester. Maintenance General points to be considered include: • Maintenance contracts for digesters and generators • The potential for letting an operations contract (to run the digester and generator) • Pressure systems, as defined by the Pressure Systems and Transportable Gas Containers Regulations 1984, require a formal written scheme of examination drawn up by a competent person; this would specify the intervals between examinations • Operation and/or maintenance contracts need to take the timespan of specific contracts into account (eg NFFO contracts may run for 15 years). Start up and shut down Starting up and shutting down the digester can be one of the most risky procedures in running an AD plant. Training must be provided for all operators to ensure they understand and comply with procedures and advice sought from specialists. If the heat is turned off, a typical digester will lose at least 0.50C to 10C a day if loading of feedstock ceases. Once the temperature has dropped to 280C, the gas production will reduce significantly. To start the digester up again, the contents should be mixed continuously, so there is no mat on the top, and then slowly warmed up again. This process can be used if the operator is in any doubt about contaminated feedstock: if feeding is stopped the digester will recover. As a matter of good practice, any developer of a scheme of any size will also need to take into account what will be done when the digester reaches the end of its useful life. It is likely that any planning consent will require decommissioning to be addressed, and advice should be taken from the Environment Agency and the Health and Safety Executive on any plans for decommissioning the digester and plant.PDF Image | Anaerobic Digestion Of farm and food Processing residues The development of a sustainable industry
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