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kiln operators to adjust their schedules according to species requirements. These factors could possibly explain the lower importance of drying process and kiln control issues in Europe. The ability to monitor moisture content was considered significantly more important in Canada (mean value of 4.1 compared to 3.7). However, this issue appeared to be important for both regions. Welling (1996) mentions that, in Europe, both hand-held meters and in-kiln systems are considered as unreliable for measuring moisture content. Furthermore, using devices from different manufacturers produces different readings. These concerns are expected to be present in Canada, as well. In general, Canadian companies were more concerned about drying processes and less concerned about dried product quality issues. This tendency possibly reflects the general situation of the Canadian wood products industry, where a high product quality orientation has not been present until now. Over 55% of softwood lumber production in Canada comes from British Columbia and Alberta (COFI, 2000). However, in these Provinces, only a small proportion of value-added manufacturing takes place in comparison to primary products production. In British Columbia, approximately 31 cents of value-added wood products are produced for each dollar of commodity products, while in Alberta this figure is 41 cents. In contrast, in the Nordic countries, 81 cents of value-added products are manufactured for every dollar of commodity products produced (IVAWPA, 2003). Compared to Europe, the value-added sector is not as developed in Canada. As a result, Canadian companies focus on improving equipment and controlling the process so as to maximize production volume. Manufacturing of value-added products does not seem to be a priority. However, in order to remain competitive, Canadian firms should seriously consider a shift towards value-added products manufacturing. This would inevitably cause more concerns about dried product quality. 5.2.5. Knowledge Of Individuals Kiln operators appeared to be more knowledgeable about kiln drying issues in Canada. However, all of the subjects investigated by the Canadian study were kiln operators and plant managers, while in the 94PDF Image | KILN DRYING PROBLEMS AND ISSUES IN CANADA
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