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9/8/98 AC 43.13-1B (5) For an overlapped and doped seam on the perimeter of a wing (except a leading edge), perimeters of wing control surfaces, pe rimeters of empennage surfaces, and all areas of a fuselage, on aircraft with a Vne speed up to and including 150 mph, overlap the fabric 1 inch and cover with a finishing tape that is at least 3 inches wide, centered on the outside edge of the overlap seam. 2-8. COVERING METHODS. The method of fabric attachment should be identi cal, as far as strength and reliability are con cerned, to the method used by the manufac turer of the airplane being recovered or re paired. Carefully remove the old fabric from the airframe, noting the location of inspection covers, drain grommets, and method of at tachment. Cotton or linen fabric may be ap plied so that either the warp or fill-threads are parallel to the line of flight. Either the enve lope method or blanket method of covering is acceptable. a. The Envelope Method. A wing enve lope may be developed by two methods. Ma chine sew together, side by side multiple fabric sections, cut to reach chordwise around the wing, starting and ending at the trailing edge with a minimum of 1 inch excess length. The sewn envelope is then positioned around the wing and secured with closely spaced T-Head pins at the wingtip and trailing edge. Excess material may then be trimmed. Carefully re move the envelope and complete by machine sewing at the wingtip and along the trailing edge, except where the geometry of the wing (aileron and flap cut out) would prevent the sewn envelope from being reinstalled. After reinstalling the envelope, the un-sewn sections and butt end are then closed by hand-sewn or overlapped and doped seams in accordance with the aircraft Vne speed. (Refer to para graph 2-7 b.) (1) An alternative method, when fabric of sufficient width is available, is to sew to gether, side-by-side, two sections of fabric, placing the seams spanwise on the leading edge, then fit and sew the wingtip and trailing edge in the same manner as the multiple piece chordwise envelope. (2) An envelope may be developed for the fuselage in the same manner, with a final closing along a longeron by hand-sewn or overlapped and doped seams in accordance with the aircraft Vne speed. b. The Blanket Method. A blanket is developed by sewing together, side-by-side, multiple sections of fabric with the seams chordwise or two wide sections of fabric, side-by-side, placing the seam spanwise on the leading edge, the same as an envelope. Close the three remaining sides with a hand-sewn seam or overlapped and doped seams in accor dance with the aircraft Vne speed. Small components may be covered by wrapping one piece of fabric over a straight leading or trail ing edge, then closing three sides with hand- stitched or overlapped and doped seams in ac cordance with the aircraft Vne speed. NOTE: All overlapped and doped seams will be made only over under- lying supporting structures extending the full width of the seam. c. Machine-sewn alternate. An alternate to machine-sewn seams on a wing envelope or blanket is to use two sections of wide fabric spanwise. Attach the fabric with overlapped and doped seams at the leading and trailing edge, wingtip and wing butt, in accordance with the aircraft Vne speeds. (Reference para graph 2-7 b.) Smaller components may be covered in the same manner. The fuselage may be covered with multiple fabric sections with Par 2-7 Page 2-9PDF Image | AFS-640
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