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705-12, Point of Connection Requires interconnection at the service disconnecting means. Two exceptions apply. One, if the system qualifies as an integrated electric system and complies with all provisions of Article 685. Two, if the system non-utility sources total more than 100kW or more than 1000 volts. The second exception also requires assured maintenance and supervision and protective safeguards. 705-22, Disconnect Device Requires an accessible disconnecting means for each power source. (Utilities may require that this device be accessible to linemen and may require that the on-off position of the device be visibly verifiable.) 705-40, Loss of Primary Source Requires that upon loss of the primary power source the on-site source automatically disconnect from the primary source. It shall also not reconnect until the primary source returns. 5.1.5 Article 445, Generators Article 445 has few if any requirements that most generator manufacturers do not meet with a standard product. It has the usual requirements for enclosure, protection of live parts and nameplate markings. It does require over current protection but allows a wide choice of methods including inherent protection. 5.1.6 Other Articles 305-6(a) Ground Fault Circuit-Interrupters (GFCI) Temporary wiring requires GFCI for receptacles. The exception, however, exempts portable or vehicle-mounted generators not more than 5 kW, provided both lines are insulated from the frame and all rounded surfaces. The system must have an equipment ground. Some authorities, including some generator set manufacturers, question the safety of an ungrounded system, however this section permits it. 250-5(d), Separately Derived System. This section requires grounding a separately derived system meeting the requirements of 250-5(b). A generator may or may not be a separately derived system. A fine-print note explains that an on-site generator is not separately derived if the neutral is solidly interconnected to a service-system supplied neutral. Such generators should not be separately grounded. Other generators are separately derived and must be grounded if they can be grounded at 150 volts or less to ground or supply 480/277 volts. 517-65(b). Requires the alternate source of power to be a generator set located on the premises. In this case the NEC does not depend on any other code to require an emergency system and a generator set. Similar requirements are in other sections of Article 517 for other health care facilities. Strictly speaking, Articles 480-Storage Batteries and 690-Solar Photovoltaic Systems also concern on-site power sources. We will not try to cover those articles. Those systems are outside the scope of this publication. 5.5PDF Image | PNNL 13277
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