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2.0 Current Codes and Standards Building codes and manufacturing and installation standards were not developed with the intent of regulating the generation and distribution of electricity (considered to be a function of regulated utilities). Nor were the codes developed to regulate the generation and possible distribution of electricity by others. Insurance companies, lenders, building owners, tenants, occupants, and the general public expect buildings to be safe places. The code official is charged with protecting health and life-safety in buildings. He or she also is charged with enforcing codes as they currently exist. Because existing codes and standards were not written with specific requirements for generation and distribution of electricity by microturbine products, trying to apply them to technologies they were not intended to address places the enforcing agency (most likely a municipality) at risk for liability in a life- or property-threatening event. Where there is no clear direction from codes and standards, there is potential for differing interpretations. These differing interpretations lead to differing installation requirements that can significantly impact both costs and length of time between purchase and operation. In evaluating a proposed installation design, particularly when submitted under the code provision “alternative methods and materials,” a code official may require that the design undergo extensive engineering analysis and specialized testing before granting approval. For the various codes and standards to formally mention DG products, the lag-time is approximately three years. Most national model codes operate under a three-year revised publication cycle. To avoid future code-related conflicts, changes proposed for a specific code must be fully integrated and coordinated with other codes. Where possible, code change proposals should address the full range of DG products. Uniform requirements for grid interconnection for all DG products would be preferable to requirements that vary by product. DG manufacturers, utilities, and others should work together on codes and standards issues to develop code change proposals for uniform requirements that will be adopted by the national model code agencies. The alternative could be a maze of requirements that serves as another barrier for design professionals, contractors, utilities, and code officials. Collaboration and cooperation can produce uniform code requirements that expedite the installation of DG products. This chapter provides an overview of the U.S. standards and codes most likely to be relevant to microturbine technologies. Voluntary consensus standards are summarized in Section 2.1; model codes are discussed in Section 2.2. 2.1 Voluntary Consensus Standards Voluntary consensus standards are documents that can be used or referenced to ensure uniformity in the testing, rating, evaluation, or design of products, materials, and other items. The term consensus is used to describe general agreement but not necessarily unanimity on a particular issue. Standards 2.1PDF Image | PNNL 13277
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