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Exhaust Vapour Due to vapour stripping, the exhaust vapour from the leachate evaporator normally is laden with trace quantities of many different organic compounds. This exhaust vapour exits through a mist eliminator, which condenses large water droplets and returns most of the entrained liquid back into the evaporator. By removing large water droplets, the mist eliminator also removes much of the particulate matter from the evaporator exhaust. The exhaust water vapour from the evaporators can carry the odour of the stripped organic compounds. To treat this condition, the vapour can be injected directly into a modified LFG enclosed flare. The enclosed flare burns LFG and the water vapour at high temperatures (that o is, [> 870 C] for a minimum of 0.5 seconds) before the exhaust gas is discharged to the atmosphere. This temperature and residence time allow for the destruction of more than 98% of the Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) present in the gas stream. Data from the operations of different leachate evaporation facilities also have shown the emissions from the enclosed flare to: • reduce the concentration of carbon monoxide (CO); • very slightly increase in the concentration of nitrogen oxides (NOx); • little change in the concentration of sulphur oxides (SOx). Appraisal Leachate evaporation systems are generally economically feasible only at sites where there is an adequate supply of LFG to evaporate the volume of leachate generated. 3 A typical landfill leachate requires approximately 0,15 Nm of LFG to evaporate one litre of leachate. Additional energy is required in evaporative systems that employ thermal oxidation (landfill gas flare) to treat exhaust gases. This second thermal energy requirement depends on the quantity and quality of vapour generated in the evaporation process. Typically, a flare 3 requires approximately 0,53 Nm of LFG for each litre of leachate evaporated. Thus, a reasonable estimate of the amount of LFG required to evaporate one litre of leachate and treat 3 the resultant exhaust vapour in a downstream enclosed flare system is close to 0,7 Nm , assuming a methane concentration of 50%. There are several variations of leachate evaporator systems. They differ only in the methods used to transfer heat to leachate and how the exhaust vapour is treated. One commercial design theme simply destroys the leachate vapours and LFG not consumed in the evaporation 37PDF Image | Landfill Gas Energy Technologies
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