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maintenance. Consequently, the recommended post-treatment is to pass the digested solids through a screw press, separate the solids from the liquid, and either export the solids or compost them for bedding. The contact process provides more effective liquid solids separation. If the contact process were used, the liquid from the screw press would be recycled to the contact separator. The clean particle free effluent would be discharged from the contact process separator to the storage pond for irrigation. Final Disposal The final products consisting of a liquid stream and a solid stream must be disposed in accordance with the nutrient management plan. The liquid stream will contain inorganic nitrogen as ammonia and a small amount of phosphorus. The solid stream will contain organic nitrogen and a vast majority of the phosphorus. Both the solid and liquid streams will be fully stabilized and odorless. The solids can be stacked for export or composted for bedding. Evaluation Table 8 summarizes the attributes of the alternative waste management systems in terms of the dairyman’s goals. The most advantageous housing system is the free stall since it is the best system for animal health, nutrient recovery, odor minimization, energy production, and operation and maintenance cost. The flush system may be the most effective collection system, provided the number of flush cycles can be minimized. The most effective option is to flush once per day. Scrape systems are the most beneficial in terms of net energy production and overall performance. Vacuum systems are also advantageous but consume a considerable amount of energy while collecting the manure. Treatment can consist of solids composting, aerobic treatment, and anaerobic treatment. Anaerobic treatment is the most effective for nutrient recovery, minimizing odors, and energy production. Aerobic treatment is effective in reducing odors. Composting has the lowest capital cost followed by aerobic treatment. Anaerobic treatment has the lowest operation and maintenance cost. Table 5 presented an evaluation of the various anaerobic processes. The contact process was the most advantageous for a variety of reasons. As indicated in Table 8, screw presses provide the most effective post treatment since they are the least costly while producing a highly concentrated stackable © Environmental Energy Company 49 www.makingenergy.com 360-923-2000PDF Image | Dairy Waste Anaerobic Digestion Handbook Options for Recovering Beneficial Products From Dairy Manure
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