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converting waste to gas is the bacterial consortia. The bacterial consortia are essentially the "bio-enzymes" that accomplish the desired treatment. A poorly developed or stressed bacterial consortium will not provide the desired conversion of waste to gas and other beneficial products. Factors Controlling the Conversion of Waste to Gas The rate and efficiency of the anaerobic digestion process is controlled by: • The type of waste being digested, • Its concentration, • Its temperature, • The presence of toxic materials, • The pH and alkalinity, • The hydraulic retention time, • The solids retention time, • The ratio of food to microorganisms, • The rate of digester loading, • And the rate at which toxic end products of digestion are removed. Each of these factors is discussed below. Waste Characteristics All waste constituents are not equally degraded or converted to gas through anaerobic digestion. Anaerobic bacteria do not degrade lignin and some other hydrocarbons. The digestion of waste containing high nitrogen and sulfur concentrations can produce toxic concentrations of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. Wastes that are not particularly water-soluble will breakdown slowly. Dairy wastes have been reported to degrade slower than swine or poultry manure. The manure production from a typical 1,400-pound milk cow is presented in the table below. Table 1 –Dairy Manure Production Manure Produced by a 1,400 pound Cow Manure (pounds) Manure (gallons) Total Solids (dry pounds) Volatile Solids (dry pounds) COD (pounds) TKN (pounds) Total Phosphorus (pounds) Total Potassium (pounds) © Environmental Energy Company www.makingenergy.com 360-923-2000 112 13.5 14 11.9 12.5 0.63 0.098 0.36 17PDF Image | Dairy Waste Anaerobic Digestion Handbook Options for Recovering Beneficial Products From Dairy Manure
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