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The solubility of various compounds (NH , H , CH , H S and VFA) also depends on the 3242 temperature (Table 3.5). This can be of great significance for materials which have an inhibiting effect on the process. Table 3.5 The relation between temperature and the solubility in water of some gases (ANGELIDAKI 2004) biogas HANDBOOK Figure 3.8 Relative growth rates of methanogens (ANGELIDAKI 2004) Gas Temperature (°C) Solubility mmol/l water Changed solubility 50°C-35°C H 2 35 50 0,749 0,725 3,3 % CO 2 35 50 26,6 19,6 36 % HS 2 35 50 82,2 62,8 31 % CH 4 35 50 1,14 0,962 19 % The viscosity of the AD substrate is inversely proportional to temperature. This means that the substrate is more liquid at high temperatures and the diffusion of dissolved material is thus facilitated. Thermophilic operation temperature results in faster chemical reaction rates, thus better efficiency of methane production, higher solubility and lower viscosity. The higher demand for energy in the thermophilic process is justified by the higher biogas yield. It is important to keep a constant temperature during the digestion process, as temperature changes or fluctuations will affect the biogas production negatively. Thermophilic bacteria are more sensitive to temperature fluctuation of +/-1°C and require longer time to adapt to a new temperature, in order to reach the maximum methane production. Mesophilic bacteria are less sensitive. Temperature fluctuations of +/- 3°C are tolerated, without significant reductions in methane production. 3.3.2 pH-valuesandoptimumintervals The pH-value is the measure of acidity/alkalinity of a solution (respectively of substrate mixture, in the case of AD) and is expressed in parts per million (ppm). The pH value of the AD substrate influences the growth of methanogenic microorganisms and affects the dissociation of some compounds of importance for the AD process (ammonia, sulphide, organic acids). Experience shows that methane formation takes place within a relatively 25PDF Image | biogas HANDBOOK
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