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Anaerobic Digestion of farm and food processing residues GoodPractice Guidelines Page44 Nitrate Vulnerable Zone: Catchment areas where water quality standards for nitrates at risk of being exceeded NRA: National Rivers Authority; duties now undertaken by the Environment Agency OES: Occupational Exposure Standard Organic Farming: see box in Introduction section for details Pathogens: Organisms that can cause disease pH value: A numerical scale for expressing the acidity or alkalinity of a liquid, ranging from 0 for strong acids to 14 for strong alkalis, with 7 representing the neutrality point. The ideal pH range in an anaerobic digester should be 6.8 - 8. Planning conditions: Conditions relating to the construction and operation of a development imposed as part of the granting of planning permission Pool (Electricity): Mechanism for centrally controlled trade of electricity REC: Regional Electricity Company; holds franchise to operate and maintain the local electricity distribution network Reception tank: Storage tank for feedstock prior to digestion Second tier supplier: Licensed supplier (other than the local REC) contracting to supply electricity to customers connected via the electricity distribution networks Separator: Machine used to separate digestate into fibre and liquor Siltation: Settlement of solid particles in the digester causing blockage and reducing digester volume Soil conditioner: A material which improves the friability of a soil (eg peat, garden compost or fibre from AD); soil conditioners may or may not contain nutrients Sustainable development: Development which meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs Thermophilic digestion: Digestion involving micro- organisms that grow above 40oC, typically kept at about 55oC Tilth: The condition of soil (ie fine, water retentive etc) which has been prepared for planting Transmission losses: The decline in energy when it is moved from the point of generation to the point of use Triad: Three half hours of system peak during which power take off by a REC is used as the basis for the use of transmission system charge Volatile solids: Those solids in the feedstocks which are volatile (ie will convert into gases when heated) and which are therefore digestible Wayleaves: Rights of way for the provision of services Weeping Wall: Slurry contained by a wall with horizontal or vertical gaps, through which liquid passes leaving a relatively dry manure; the liquid requires collection and treatment UNITS OF POWER Kilowatt (kW) = 1000 watts Megawatt (MW) = 1000 kW Gigawatt (GW) = 1 million kW Terawatt (TW) = 1 thousand million kW When âeâ added (eg kWe) = electrical power, so kWe = kilowatt of electrical power When âtâ added (eg kWt) = thermal power (heat), so kWt = kilowatt of thermal powerPDF Image | Anaerobic Digestion Of farm and food Processing residues The development of a sustainable industry
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