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Anaerobic Digestion of farm and food processing residues GoodPractice Guidelines Page29 is possible that planning permission will not be forthcoming in these areas. • Ecological impacts. Consult the statutory conservation agencies (English Nature, Countryside Commission, Countryside Council for Wales and Scottish Natural Heritage) informally before considering a site in or near to a designated area such as a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), Special Protection Area (SPA), Special Area for Conservation (SAC), RAMSAR sites (sites of international importance listed under the Convention of Wetlands in the UK; sites are designated as SSSIs) and county wildlife sites, as there are likely to be objections to developments in these areas. Any international, national or local nature conservation designation is a clear indicator of the sensitivity of the intrinsic ecological value of the site and these areas should be avoided. • Water courses. Consult the Environment Agency at an early stage to ensure compliance with any regulations to prevent pollution. Visual impact of digester and other buildings A digester, storage buildings (for feedstock and products) and reception tanks will all be required; the size and number of the buildings will depend on the scale of the project. The buildings may need to be up to 6 or 7 metres high to allow for lorry tipping in some cases - about the same height as normal farm buildings. This should be taken into consideration when choosing the site. T echnology The size of the digester tank will influence the choice of site and location. The size of the digester depends on the length of time required for the conversion cycle; this depends on the priorities of the developer in terms of products (eg biogas) and other objectives (eg odour reduction). Water pollution Construction sites should be selected so as to minimise water pollution. This can be done by avoiding sites liable to flood, sites with a high water table, sites where underdraining has been installed, sites where differential settlement is likely to occur, and steeply sloping sites. Alternatively, expensive ground preparation may be needed to prevent subsidence on some types of land. Design and planning issues An AD project will require detailed design and planning to ensure the development is not only economically viable, as discussed above, but also that all environmental impacts will be minimised. It is good practice for the developer of an AD plant to make contact with the planning authority at an early stage to seek advice on the making of a planning application and to enlist their help in structuring the project development and designing the site. It is good practice to consult with local people on design and planning issues (see Consultation section for details). Planning permission is likely to be needed in almost all developments of AD projects, even for small on-farm installations, because the planning definition of agriculture does not include AD which is an industrial/waste treatment process. In a minority of small on-farm projects, where the feedstock originates and the products are used entirely on their own land, planning permission may not be required because the proposed development may be held to be ancillary to agriculture carried out on the farm and be ‘permitted development’ (under Part 6 of Schedule 2 of the Town and Country Planning (General Permitted Development) Order 1995) providing all the relevant conditions set out in the Order can be complied with. In cases where small on-farm projects are accepted as ‘permitted development’, an application to the local planning authority is needed for a determination as to whether their prior approval will be required in respect of the siting, design and external appearance of the development. Design of the site The main issues which need to be taken into account in designing the site and obtaining planning permission are outlined below. T raffic Any planning application will require information on the suitability of access roads for increased volumes of traffic, and any improvements that may be required both during construction and operation of the plant.PDF Image | Anaerobic Digestion Of farm and food Processing residues The development of a sustainable industry
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