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Anaerobic Digestion of farm and food processing residues GoodPractice Guidelines Page21 Figure 3. Transport movements Note Supermarket vehicle deliveries taken from Goodwin et al. Transport Studies Unit University of Oxford • Specification of routes may be required, for example avoiding villages. • There may be a requirement that open-topped vehicles are sheeted. Chicken wastes are normally moved in sheeted open-topped lorries. Pig and cattle slurry is usually moved in enclosed tankers. • There are likely to be restrictions on timing of deliveries to reduce noise nuisance to neighbours. For example, deliveries may only be allowed Monday to Friday (7am to 7pm) and Saturday morning (7am to 1pm). although this technology is still in the early stages of development. Catchment area Generally speaking, it is financially viable to transport chicken and broiler waste transported up to 40km, thick cattle slurry 15 - 20km, and pig slurry only 5 - 10km because it is more liquid. A number of plants pump pig slurry to avoid the need for transport and reduce the risk of spreading disease: a maximum of 6km has been achieved. Cost The unpleasantness of the load may increase the cost of transport and handling. Specialist contractors, who may need to use dedicated vehicles, will be able to provide an appropriate transport service and will be aware of the nature of the loads. Business considerations The whole project can become uneconomic unless transport movements (and therefore transport costs) are minimised. Transport costs can make the difference between the success of one scheme and the failure of another. Emissions Delivery vehicles using conventional fossil fuels will produce carbon dioxide and other emissions, and deplete non-renewable resources. Fuel efficient vehicles should be used. The energy required to transport feedstock and products needs to be balanced against the energy yielded from the AD process. This element of the energy balance requires further investigation. The negative nature of the consumption of fossil fuels can be partly avoided by using vehicles which run on the biogas produced by AD (once it has been cleaned),PDF Image | Anaerobic Digestion Of farm and food Processing residues The development of a sustainable industry
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