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III. Christchurch Shuttle, Christchurch, New Zealand Primary Contact: Mr. Mike Parker, Designline (643) 3084811 Four 34-foot hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) buses are operating on one 30 kW Capstone microturbine each. Three HEVs have been in service in Christchurch, NZ since March 2000. A fourth bus was added in April 2001. These HEVs operate on LP Gas supplied by Rock Gas LTD (reportedly ~90% propane and ~10% butane). These buses follow a scenic route around downtown Christchurch. They were assembled by Designline (a New Zealand based bus manufacturer). They are operated by Redbus. The passengers travel free of charge, complements of the Christchurch City Council. All four buses are achieving an average availability of ~95%. This is superior to Designline’s average diesel bus availability of ~90%. Problems encountered to date: Initial problems were due to low gas pressure delivery to the Capstone fuel system inlet. Vaporisers were investigated, but were found to be inadequate. Designline has since developed a proprietary system to control the temperature of the tank5. This system has been shown to work in temperatures as low as 0 ̊C. The site also experienced problems due to butane enrichment, also known as “weathering.” This was caused by drawing fuel from the gas phase at low temperatures allowing a disproportionate accumulation of butanes in the liquid phase. Although fuel is still drawn from the vapour phase, the tank temperature is now controlled so that weathering of the fuel is not a concern. The site has not experienced any other fuel quality related problems. Photo courtesy of Capstone Turbine Corporation 5 In the United States, current NFPA regulations specify a maximum working pressure for on-board tanks. Mobile applications will need to monitor the tank temperature to ensure that this maximum pressure is not exceeded. 18PDF Image | Glotec Global Technology Network LP Gas Use in Microturbine Applications
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