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Summary The objective of lumber drying is to make money. To accomplish this objective requires proper equipment and proper procedures so that the lumber is at the correct final MC (EMC in use ±2%) and has minimal quality loss. The critical parameters in drying are the temperature, humidity, and velocity of the air passing through the lumber stack. The response of the lumber to the drying conditions is ascertained primarily by measuring the drying rate - the MC loss per day - and comparing the rate to the accepted standard. As most degrade or quality loss occurs above 40% MC, it is most critical to control the drying rate from the moment the lumber is sawn until the MC is below 40% MC. The second most critical point in drying is at the end of drying when the final MC is measured. All too often, incorrect final MCs lead to catastrophic losses in the secondary manufacturing plant. Dry kiln schedules today must be modified from the older U.S. schedules established over forty years ago. Such changes include never exceeding 160°F and never exceeding a 45°F depression. Improved control instruments now offer faster drying with improved quality. Computer controls with smoothly changing schedules are especially attractive. The key to managing a successful drying operation is feedback on the quality of the lumber dried. Often the quality impressions of managers of secondary manufacturing plants are not accurate enough or may be confused by the grade of lumber, by several months delay between drying and processing, or by the handling of the lumber after drying was completed. There are quality samples and procedures that can be used at the dryer to accurately estimate quality, however. When quality drying is achieved by an operator and such performance is then recognized and rewarded by management, lumber drying will be an extremely profitable operation. 59PDF Image | Principles and Practices of Drying Lumber
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