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Table 23. Types of subjects participating in the European survey. Type of Subjects Kiln users Kiln dried timber users Equipment suppliers Researchers/teachers Total Number of Respondents 410 45 20 12 487 Percentage of Respondents 84.2% 9.2% 4.1% 2.5% 100.0% Data were collected in different years (2003 for Canada and 2000 for Europe). However, due to the relatively short time difference between studies and the large capital expenditures required to replace kiln equipment, the general kiln drying situation in Europe is currently not expected to be different from the time in which the European study was first conducted. Therefore, the regional comparison was assumed to be valid despite a three year lag. Another limitation regarding the regional comparison was that the variance was unknown for the European data, although the sample size was known. In order to conduct t-tests to detect statistically significant differences between Canadian and European issues, it was assumed that variance was equal in both data sets and the variance values from the Canadian data were used for calculations. Additionally, it is considered that the questionnaire used in the European survey could be improved in terms of its wording. Therefore, it is advisable that the comparison's results be approached with some caution. It is also worth noting that certain areas of Europe (which are major lumber producers) were not included in the European study. These areas consist of Russia, two Baltic nations (Estonia and Lithuania) and certain eastern European countries (Czech Republic and Romania). Therefore, results pertaining to Europe cannot be extrapolated onto these regions. Lastly, the Canadian survey was conducted during a time when a considerable tariff was applied to wood product exports to the U.S. It is likely that this tariff had an impact on responses due to intensified cost reduction and a greater focus on process control to reduce costs and capital investments in facilities such as new kilns. 72PDF Image | KILN DRYING PROBLEMS AND ISSUES IN CANADA
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