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states that casehardening is not necessarily a defect. Problems can arise only when wood is re-sawn or machined. 2.6.6. Summary on Dried Product Quality There is a large number of dried product quality problems which can occur for different reasons. In some cases, the natural characteristics of wood are responsible for their presence and, therefore, the recommended courses of action are limited. Different drying defects call for different preventive or restorative measures which will invariably increase processing costs. Consequently, sufficient knowledge is required in terms of material characteristics (like species composition, or moisture content), drying equipment capabilities and limitations (e.g., depending on the kiln type used), type of products manufactured (e.g., for structural grades appearance usually is not important) and ways (i.e., drying knowledge) to prevent or remedy potential defects. This approach, which requires fine tuning, ensures that the best possible results will be attained and drying process efficiency will be maximized. 2.7. KILN DRYING RELATEDKNOWLEDGEOF GROUPS Kiln drying knowledge of different groups of people such as kiln operators, kiln equipment suppliers, customers, distributors and sales personnel is essential. Only when the above groups of people are knowledgeable in kiln drying issues is it possible to achieve high levels of satisfaction amongst all stakeholders. For example, knowledgeable kiln operators can achieve better results and optimise the whole kiln drying process (Welling, 2000b). At present, a lack of communication between all of these stakeholder groups has been identified (Kliger et al., 2001). Frequently, kiln managers cannot readily understand end users' requirements. This happens because the drying process appears at the early stages of the value adding chain. The importance of understanding customers' requirements before even installing the kilns lies in the fact that once the investment in kiln drying equipment is made, the company must use this equipment for a long time. Customers need to be knowledgeable about kiln drying issues, so that they can provide detailed requirements regarding drying 25PDF Image | KILN DRYING PROBLEMS AND ISSUES IN CANADA
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