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Figure 4. Defects caused by warp (Source: http://sres.anuxdu.au/associated/fpt/drying/kiln.drying.htrril). 2.6.3. Uneven Moisture Content When wood is being dried, the objective is to reach a given moisture content (usually between 15% and around 7%) depending on the end use (Ward & Simpson, 1997). Uneven moisture content, either within boards (water pockets) or between boards (board rejects), is a major problem for many types of wood products. Moisture content problems can cause checks, shrinkage, shape deformations, or low quality joint performance (Lamb, 1994). Before drying, lumber has a high degree of variability in moisture content which can be due to geographic location, species used, physical damage, and variation in storage conditions (Warren & Gudmundson, 2000). Warren & Johnson (1997) mention that sorting lumber according to moisture content before drying resulted in a more even distribution of moisture content and considerable savings (from less degrade and energy used). The target moisture content can be set (Lamb, 1994) by standards, specific customer contracts, or end use characteristics (such as environmental conditions). 21PDF Image | KILN DRYING PROBLEMS AND ISSUES IN CANADA
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