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KILN DRYING PROBLEMS AND ISSUES IN CANADA

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KILN DRYING PROBLEMS AND ISSUES IN CANADA ( kiln-drying-problems-and-issues-in-canada )

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2.5.3. Quality Control after Drying Records of every charge can be kept which will help the kiln operator evaluate the general performance of the kiln (Myers, 2000). Information about critical variables can be taken during storage and shipping of the material. The common industrial way to measure moisture content of dried lumber is to use electrical resistance meters. Other types of meters like dielectric or capacitance can also be used (Wengert, 1994b). 2.5.4. Maintenance of Monitoring Equipment Proper maintenance of monitoring equipment is essential to avoid erroneous measurements. Otherwise poor control of the drying process can result in increased defects and longer drying times. Kiln operators should become acquainted with maintenance procedures. M aintenance items include frequent replacement of instruments' filters, lubrication, and replacement of broken glasses. In addition, inaccurate measurements call for calibration which should be attempted with caution. It is recommended that trained technicians be employed to repair damaged equipment (Boone & Simpson, 1997b). 2.6. DRIED PRODUCT QUALITY Drying degrade results in extensive losses of both money and fibre. This translates into a negative effect to a company's performance. Assessment of drying degrade and identification of possible causes are vital to achieve high quality products. Minimizing defects and drying wood economically are objectives of primary importance for kiln drying (Ward & Simpson, 1997). Various types of defects result for different reasons. Their importance depends on their type, defect extent and the end use of the product. In the case of softwoods, drying degrade can affect as many as one in every four pieces (Wengert, 1990). Drying defects can be classified in the following categories: a) discolourations, b) shape deformations, c) uneven moisture content, and d) rupture of wood tissue (Ward & Simpson, 1997). Casehardening can also be considered as another drying defect category, depending on whether or not wood will be further processed after drying (see section 2.6.5.) (Skaar, 1988). These defect categories are described in detail below. 17

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