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2.5.1. Quality Control before Drying Information on timber harvest and storage conditions is helpful in order to choose the most suitable drying schedule. Sorting according to moisture content (which reduces variability) and correct stacking of boards also assist in achieving high quality (Myers, 2000). Various methods exist for measuring moisture content of green lumber, such as those using infrared meters, capacitance meters, or methods based on laser beams or weight measurements (Wengert, 1994b). 2.5.2. Quality Control during Drying It is necessary to monitor the conditions and the drying rate inside the kiln. Fast rates will produce more surface checks, whereas slow rates will increase the amount of warp and discolourations. Kiln control at this stage can be achieved by the use of automatic, semiautomatic, or manual equipment (Boone & Simpson, 1997a). Computerized control systems reduce operator's work and assist in achieving higher quality dried products (Skuratov, 2001). Manual control is more suitable for small-scale operations. In this case, the kiln operator takes temperature and relative humidity measurements and then makes adjustments to reach the required conditions. Manual control is time consuming for the kiln operator, but requires little in the way of capital expenditures (Boone & Simpson, 1997a). In semiautomatic control, kiln conditions are measured constantly and are recorded on a graph. They are controlled to reach preset points of heat and humidity. During drying, the operator can make any necessary changes to those preset points (Boone & Simpson, 1997a). For automatic control, the drying schedule is inserted at the beginning of drying process and any necessary changes are being done automatically by the computer which can save considerable time (Faust, 1994). Operators can control the kiln from another location. Quality is consistent for every charge (Girardi, 1994). Furthermore, the system can store data about all past charges, which is useful since it enables comparisons to be made and fine tune the drying process. However, the cost for automatic control 15PDF Image | KILN DRYING PROBLEMS AND ISSUES IN CANADA
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