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Continue Appendix E. OPERATIONAL VARIABLES Forklift wage ($/yr) Wage for kiln operator and yard supervisor ($/yr) Vacuum pump rating kw/1000bf) Vacuum pump usage Condenser fan rating Condenser fan usage Fuel consumption (gal/day) Fuel cost ($/gal) Annual electrical usage attributed to drying (kW/year ) Electrical cost ($/kWh) Initial MC (%) Final MC (%) Raw Material Cost $114,000 $67,000 $3.50 $11,174,443 Plant D Plant D Redman 2011 Redman 2011 Redman 2011 Redman 2011 Company A Company A Company A Plant D ESTIMATED ESTIMATED Hardwood Report Market 1.5 20 11 25 ENERGY COSTS 20 1021310.4 0.1 25 8 PreviewS Energy Claculations Thermal loss (%) 30 Redman 2011 Total Wood Volume 630.06 Wood basic density (Kg) 352834.89 Specific heat of hardwood (KJ/(Kg*oC) 1.20 Redman (2011) Specific heat of water (KJ/(Kg*oC) 4.19 Redman (2011) Heat of Vaporization (MJ/kg) 2.25” Redman (2011) Specific gravity at FSP 0.56 ESTIMATED Water density (kg/m3) 1000 ESTIMATED 1KJ 0.95 BTU's 1 oil gallon 134200 BTU's Maximun Temperature (oC) 82.22 Minimum Temperature (oC) 40.56 Energy to heat wood (KJ) 17641744.55 Energy to heat water (KJ) 15385071.39 Energy to vaporize Water (KJ) 134959345.79 Total heat energy (KJ) 285576474.95 Total BTUs/charge used for drying 270674237.76 Total gal/charge used for drying 2016.95 Total heat cost ($/yr) 324728.41 Total Electrical cost ($/yr) 102131.04 Vacuum Pump Energy (KJ) 57.60 Condensor fan energy (KJ) 528 Total extra energy (KJ) 585.60 Vacuum specific energy ($/yr) 59262.72 157PDF Image | Impact of Vacuum-Drying on Efficiency of Hardwood Products
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