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Continue Appendix D. Forklift wage ($/yr) Lumber graders ($/yr) Wage for kiln operator and yard supervisor ($/yr) Vacuum pump rating kw/1000bf) Vacuum pump usage Condenser fan rating Condenser fan usage Fuel consumption (gal/day) Fuel cost ($/gal) Annual electrical usage attributed to drying (kW/year ) Electrical cost ($/kWh) Initial MC (%) Final MC (%) Raw Material Cost $114,000 $160,000 $67,000 $3.50 $43,634,986 Plant D Plant D Plant D Redman 2011 Redman 2011 Redman 2011 Redman 2011 Company A Company A Company A Plant D ESTIMATED ESTIMATED Hardwood Report Market OPERATIONAL VARIABLES 1.5 20 11 25 ENERGY COSTS 20 1012984.5 0.1 43 8 Previews Energy Calculations Thermal loss (%) 30 Redman 2011 Total Wood Volume 315.0311526 Wood basic density (Kg) 176417.4455 Specific heat of hardwood (KJ/(Kg*oC) 1.2 Redman (2011) Specific heat of water (KJ/(Kg*oC) 4.186 Redman (2011) Heat of Vaporization (MJ/kg) 2.25” Redman (2011) Specific gravity at FSP 0.56 ESTIMATED Water density (kg/m3) 1000 ESTIMATED 1KJ 0.947817 BTU's 1 oil gallon 134200 BTU's Maximum Temperature (oC) 82.22 Minimum Temperature (oC) 40.56 Energy to heat wood (KJ) 8820872.27 Energy to heat water (KJ) 7692535.70 Energy to vaporize Water (KJ) 67479672.90 Total heat energy (KJ) 142788237.47 Total BTUs/charge used for drying 135337118.88 Total gal/charge used for drying 1008.47 Total heat cost ($/yr) 322081.16 Total Electrical cost ($/yr) 101298.45 Vacuum Pump Energy (KJ) 28.80 Condenser fan energy (KJ) 264 Total extra energy (KJ) 292.80 Vacuum specific energy ($/yr) 29389.80 155PDF Image | Impact of Vacuum-Drying on Efficiency of Hardwood Products
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