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Here’s a summary of some different species in wood groups (these are for 4/4 lumber): Group 1: Pine, fir, cedar, and low-density hardwoods such as basswood, cottonwood, poplar (including yellow-poplar), and aspen that can be dried quickly Group 2: Ash, beech, birch, black cherry, American and red elms, black gum, sweet gum, hard and soft maples, walnut. Group 3: Rock elm, red and white oaks LOADING DH KILNS ACCORDING TO WOOD GROUPS. For Group 3 species, a compressor size of about 1/2 HP per 1000 board feet is sufficient to dry at a good rate, but for species that depend on fast drying to minimize stain or mold you’ll need to downsize the kiln charge. For example, 4000 bf of a Group 3 species could be dried with a two horsepower compressor, but you should downsize the load to 2500–3000 board feet for Group 2 species and to 1500 board feet for Group 1 species. This increases the efficiency of the compressor and increases the drying rate per board foot per day while comfortably controlling the kiln relative humidity. Because some mills saw uncommon species for craft and custom furniture makers, sometimes you have to make your own best estimate of how to load the kiln. As an example, I’d guess that holly probably should be in either Group 1 or Group 2 because it stains readily unless dried very quickly after sawing, though there are conflicting reports about whether it is due to a blue stain fungus or a chemical reaction. Reports from some wood turners suggest that it can be dried as quickly as maple. 90PDF Image | HARDWOOD DRY KILN OPERATION A MANUAL FOR OPERATORS OF SMALL DRY KILNS
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