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CUTTING SAMPLE BOARDS. It’s important to take your sample boards from the center of the boards that you choose to represent your drying lumber. If you take the samples from the ends, they might be drier than the overall board average. Some small sawmills and dry kiln companies choose to saw and dry only 8’ lumber, and if that’s the case you’re kind of stuck with some “shorts” from the board ends. Don’t be tempted to cut corners and choose a lower- quality board or to make shorter sample boards than you might need; think to yourself, ”which is going to be more expensive: the loss of a few boards, or the downgrading of the value of the entire kiln charge due to poor drying control?” If you cannot cut a board and still leave a merchantable piece, at least attempt to cut your sample away from the end of the board. If the entire load has a lot of knotty wood (“character wood”), it’s probably a good idea to sample some knotty boards, but avoid them otherwise–customers will just cut around the knots anyway, so it doesn’t make sense to use these as samples. Once you have selected and cut your sample boards, cut a one-inch moisture section from each end so you can estimate the moisture content of the entire sample board; if you use a 32” sample board, that would leave you with a 30” sample board plus your two moisture sections. Each moisture section needs to be sound and free of bark and knots. See Figure 4118. Figure 41. Cut your moisture sections and kiln samples like this. Redrawn from Drying Hardwood Lumber. HOW MANY SAMPLE BOARDS SHOULD YOU USE? This is a pretty common question. The number of samples chosen could be influenced by a lot of things: the value of the load, the degree to which the kiln operator is familiar with the species, the thickness and the drying schedule, the confidence the operator has in his samples, whether or not the load contains multiple species or different board thicknesses, etc. A kiln filled with narrow boards will contain more pieces than the same kiln filled with wide boards, and this might influence the operator’s judgement regarding the number of samples to use as well. Small kiln charges have fewer boards than larger kilns, but the moisture content variation is likely to be similar. That’s important to remember when you’re thinking about the number of kiln samples to select. Dry kiln operators running kilns of roughly 60 MBF capacity frequently use six samples (and sometimes eight), distributed at different locations in the kiln–front and back, and probably at different heights. Even using eight samples isn’t going to be enough to get a good determination of the wettest lumber unless the samples are chosen deliberately and 18 Denig, Joseph; Wengert, Eugene M.; Simpson, William T. 2000. Drying Hardwood Lumber. Gen. Tech. Rep. FPL– GTR–118. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory. 138 p. http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/fplgtr/fplgtr118.pdf. See Figure 7.4. 75PDF Image | HARDWOOD DRY KILN OPERATION A MANUAL FOR OPERATORS OF SMALL DRY KILNS
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