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Plate 20. Three principal axes of wood direction with respect to grain direction and growth rings Porosity (φ) Porosity values are essential wood properties for the development of an accurate wood drying model and were therefore, measured as part of this study. Porosity values were determined via image analysis of environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) images. The methodology for which is detailed in section 3.4 Drying modelling - Measurement of essential wood properties. Wood Density (ρ) Density values are essential wood properties for the development of an accurate wood drying model and were therefore, measured as part of this study. The methodology for which is detailed in section 3.4 Drying modelling - Measurement of essential wood properties. Heat Capacity ( ρcp ) The heat capacity is defined as (Perré and Turner, 2008): ρcp =ρw(1113+4.85T+4185X). Sorption Isotherm The sorption isotherm is defined as (Perré and Turner, 2008): P Pv =1−exp(−c1A−c2A2),where c1andc2areconstantsand A=Xb /Xfsp. (52) (53) vs The values c1 and c are essential species dependant constant properties for the development of an accurate wood drying model and were therefore, measured as part of this study. The methodology for which is detailed in section 3.4 Drying modelling - Measurement of essential wood properties. Capillary Pressure (Pc) The capillary pressure is defined as (Perré and Turner, 2008): P =1.24×105 ×σ(T)×(S +1×10−0.61),where σ(T)=(77.5−0.185T)×10−3 (54) 41 cw represents the surface tension. Relative Permeability (kr) The relative liquid permeability is defined respectively in the tangential, radial and longitudinal directions as (Perré and Turner, 2008): Evaluation of super–heated steam vacuum drying viability and development of a predictive drying model for Australian hardwood species – Final reportPDF Image | Evaluation of super-heated steam vacuum drying
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