PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 025
capacity kilns. Obviously many more scenarios exist, however these sizes were chosen based on typical sized hardwood operations in Australia. For each case study the following assumptions were made: Throughput Throughput is calculated and used to normalise drying cost comparisons. For instance, if we compare a 50 m3 kiln for both conventional and vacuum drying operations, given the vacuum drying rate is faster, the vacuum drying operations will have a greater throughput. This is taken into account for all $/m3 calculations. Cost of green-off-saw wood The cost of green-off-saw wood was set at a constant value of $426 for all case studies. This figure was calculated from the most recent native sawlog price index of $149 / m3 (http://abare/publications_html/afwps, 2010) divided by the approximate average green-off- saw recovery for Australian hardwoods of 35% (Leggate et al., 2000). Project life – depreciation time The capital depreciation time was fixed at a typical 20 years for each case study. Interest on stock The stock interest was fixed at a typical 7% for each case study. Energy costs Heat energy costs were fixed at 0.05 $/MJ, a typical average value of natural gas in Australia at the time of writing this report (Anon, 2011). Obviously, this figure will differ between different operations and can be adjusted to reflect other heating mediums such as steam, wood waste or heated oil etc. The heat energy costs are made up of a combination of heating required to heat the wood, heat the water within the wood and vaporise the water into steam at the wood surface. The total heat energy cost is also a function of the thermal loss undergone by a certain kiln type. Electricity costs Electricity costs were fixed at 0.2 $/kWh, a typical average value in Australia at the time of writing this report (Anon, 2011). Thermal efficiency The project collaborator Brunner-Hildebrand provided data for the thermal efficiency for each kiln type. The values used are detailed in the results section: 4.2 Applied drying - Economic model. Kiln capacities For each case study three kiln capacity sizes were investigated: 10, 35 and 50 m3 of wood volume. Fans, vacuum pump and condenser fan details The project collaborator Brunner-Hildebrand provided data for the number of fans, average fan ratings, vacuum pump and condenser fan usage and ratings for each case study. Please note that the fan, pump and condenser ratings are estimated average values over a single kiln run. The values used are detailed in the results section: 4.2 Applied drying - Economic model. 18PDF Image | Evaluation of super-heated steam vacuum drying
PDF Search Title:
Evaluation of super-heated steam vacuum dryingOriginal File Name Searched:
PN08_2047_Vacuum_Drying_Reviewed_Report.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
5,000 BF Shipping Container Lumber Dry Kiln For Quality Lumber The 5,000 BF container kiln consists of one 40 foot high-cube aluminum shipping container... More Info
Shipping Container Lumber Dry Kilns by Global Energy Global Energy designed and developed the container kiln back in 1991. The purpose is to give access to portable sawmill owners, furniture makers, and small business the value added profit of dry kiln lumber and quality hardwoods... More Info
Vacuum Kiln Conversion Kit for Lumber and Wood Dry Kilns Convert your existing conventional dry kiln into a fast drying vacuum kiln. Similar to vacuum bagging in the boat building and aircraft industry, we have come up with a proprietary process which allows you to build a very simple vacuum kiln at a fraction of the price, and without the intensive conventional metal chamber structure... More Info
Vacuum Pump Cart System for Bagging Clamping Wood Drying and more Vacuum Cart with 2HP Pump and Dual Pistons with multiple multiplex vacuum ports and liquid reservoir... More Info
Vacuum Bagging Basics Vacuum bagging is a method of clamping, which has traditionally been used in the composites industry, but can also be used for vacuum drying materials, including wood products... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@globalmicroturbine.com (Standard Web Page)