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24 Emerald Ash Borer Regulatory and outreach__________________________________________ EvAluATion of fiREWood BAgging And vACuum TREATmEnT foR REgulAToRy ConTRol of EmERAld Ash BoRER Therese m. Poland1 and Tina m. Kuhn2, Chen Zhangjing3, Andrea diss-Torrance4, and Erin l. Clark1,5 1USDA Forest Service, North Central Research Station 1407 S. Harrison Rd., Rm. 220,E. Lansing, MI 48823 tpoland@fs.fed.usHHH 2Departments of Entomology and Forestry Michigan State University, E. Lansing, MI 48824 3Virginia Tech, Department of Wood Science and Forest Products Blacksburg,VA 24060 4Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison, WI 53703 5University of Northern British Columbia Ecosystem Science and Management Program Prince George, B.C., Canada V2N 4Z9 ABsTRACT Since its discovery in Detroit, Michigan, in 2002, the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), has caused extensive mortality of ash (Fraxinus spp.) as it has spread across southeast Michigan, Ohio, and Ontario, Canada (Haack et al. 2002, Poland and McCullough 2006). In addition to this core infested area, numerous outlier populations have been found throughout Michigan’s Lower Peninsula, Ohio, Indiana, and Ontario, Canada, as well as isolated infestations in Maryland, Illinois, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia. Spread of A. planipennis is a result of natural dispersal and human-assisted movement of infested materials, including movement of ash nursery stock, logs, and firewood. Agrilus planipennis can survive and emerge from logs cut from infested trees; therefore, movement of ash logs from infested to uninfested counties is regulated by a federal quarantine (USDA APHIS 2003). In the case of firewood, all hardwood species are regulated because inspectors cannot easily identify the species of tree that was cut. Nevertheless, A. planipennis has continued to spread, and new outlier infestations, possibly due to human-assisted movement of infested material prior to enactment of the quarantine, have been detected each year. Movement of firewood is extremely difficult to regulate and enforce. Unlike nursery trees and wood products that are produced and moved by licensed businesses, firewood is often moved by the general public. Despite extensive outreach efforts, many individuals are unaware of regulations prohibiting movement of firewood from infested areas. It is estimated that, of outlying infestations in Michigan with known origins, approximately 80% originated EmErald ash BorEr rEsEarch and dEvElopmEnt rEviEw mEEting—2007PDF Image | Evaluation of Firewood Bagging and Vacuum Treatment for Ash Borer
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