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A Comparison of Single Vacuum-Bag and Double Vacuum-Bag Methods for Manufacturing High-Quality Laminated Composites Yasir Mujahid1, Nabihah Sallih1,2,*, Mohamad Zaki Abdullah1 1 Mechanical Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Perak, Malaysia 2 Institute of Health and Analytics, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Perak, Malaysia * Correspondence: nabihah.sallih@utp.edu.my Abstract Selection of an appropriate vacuum bagging technique is critical for producing high-quality laminated composites. However, the comparative study among various choices of vacuum bagging techniques is not readily available. This study investigates the contribution of various bagging techniques and laminate thicknesses in achieving lower void content. Six laminates were produced, and their contents of surface porosity and through-thickness void were evaluated. The lowest contents of surface porosity and through-thickness void are achieved using a double-vacuum-bagging technique i.e. 0.04 % and 0.5 %, respectively. The reduced void content is a result of the ballooning effect due to a pressure difference between the inner and outer bags. The laminate void content increased with an increase in thickness. The highest content of void is reported in the laminate with 3.2 mm thickness, i.e. 0.79 %. This comparative study conclusively elucidates the importance of selecting appropriate processing parameters in reducing the formation of voids in laminated composites. 1 Introduction The demand for advanced composite materials is increasing enormously in recent years because they offer commendable advantages over metallic materials including a significant weight reduction without compromising mechanical strength [1], design flexibility [2], and fatigue resistance. They also offer outstanding specific strength and stiffness [3]. Advanced composites are being used in a wide range of applications including the aerospace industry, oil and gasPDF Image | Comparison of Single-Vacuum-Bag and Double-Vacuum-Bag Methods
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