PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 002
Abstract Vacuum kiln-drying, using low temperature in a low oxygen environment, produces light-colored hard maple in a significantly shorter drying time, and with less variability, than does conventional steam kiln-drying. To avoid chemical staining and to maintain light color, drying hard maple requires the use of high air flow at low temperature and relative humidity soon after being sawn. This study compared the color and drying times of hard maple dried in both types of kilns. Paired samples of 1-in. (25.4-mm) flat-sawn boards were dried in either a conventional kiln or a vacuum kiln, and lumber color of each board after drying was measured with a spectrophotometer. Vacuum drying produced industry-acceptable white maple faster than did conventional drying. On average, there were no visual differences in color between the two drying methods but color among boards from the vacuum kiln was more uniform. Keywords: vacuum drying; hard maple; spectrophotometer; wood color June 2021 Lyon, Scott; Bowe, Scott; Wiemann, Michael. 2021. Comparing vacuum drying and conventional drying effects on the coloration of hard maple lumber. Research Paper FPL-RP-708. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory. 5 p. A limited number of free copies of this publication are available to the public from the Forest Products Laboratory, One Gifford Pinchot Drive, Madison, WI 53726-2398. This publication is also available online at www.fpl.fs.fed.us. Laboratory publications are sent to hundreds of libraries in the United States and elsewhere. The Forest Products Laboratory is maintained in cooperation with the University of Wisconsin. The use of trade or firm names in this publication is for reader information and does not imply endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) of any product or service. Contents Introduction .......................................................................... 1 Objectives............................................................................. 2 Methodology ........................................................................ 2 Results and Discussion.........................................................3 Conclusions .......................................................................... 4 Acknowledgments ................................................................ 4 Literature Cited .................................................................... 5 In accordance with Federal civil rights law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, the USDA, its Agencies, offices, and employees, and institutions participating in or administering USDA programs are prohibited from discriminating based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, gender identity (including gender expression), sexual orientation, disability, age, marital status, family/parental status, income derived from a public assistance program, political beliefs, or reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity, in any program or activity conducted or funded by USDA (not all bases apply to all programs). Remedies and complaint filing deadlines vary by program or incident. Persons with disabilities who require alternative means of communication for program information (e.g., Braille, large print, audiotape, American Sign Language, etc.) should contact the responsible Agency or USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TTY) or contact USDA through the Federal Relay Service at (800) 877-8339. Additionally, program information may be made available in languages other than English. To file a program discrimination complaint, complete the USDA Program Discrimination Complaint Form, AD-3027, found online at http://www.ascr.usda. gov/complaint_filing_cust.html and at any USDA office or write a letter addressed to USDA and provide in the letter all of the information requested in the form. To request a copy of the complaint form, call (866) 632-9992. Submit your completed form or letter to USDA by: (1) mail: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20250-9410; (2) fax: (202) 690-7442; or (3) email: program.intake@usda.gov. USDA is an equal opportunity provider, employer, and lender.PDF Image | Comparing Vacuum Drying and Conventional Drying
PDF Search Title:
Comparing Vacuum Drying and Conventional DryingOriginal File Name Searched:
fpl_rp708.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
5,000 BF Shipping Container Lumber Dry Kiln For Quality Lumber The 5,000 BF container kiln consists of one 40 foot high-cube aluminum shipping container... More Info
Shipping Container Lumber Dry Kilns by Global Energy Global Energy designed and developed the container kiln back in 1991. The purpose is to give access to portable sawmill owners, furniture makers, and small business the value added profit of dry kiln lumber and quality hardwoods... More Info
Vacuum Kiln Conversion Kit for Lumber and Wood Dry Kilns Convert your existing conventional dry kiln into a fast drying vacuum kiln. Similar to vacuum bagging in the boat building and aircraft industry, we have come up with a proprietary process which allows you to build a very simple vacuum kiln at a fraction of the price, and without the intensive conventional metal chamber structure... More Info
Vacuum Pump Cart System for Bagging Clamping Wood Drying and more Vacuum Cart with 2HP Pump and Dual Pistons with multiple multiplex vacuum ports and liquid reservoir... More Info
Vacuum Bagging Basics Vacuum bagging is a method of clamping, which has traditionally been used in the composites industry, but can also be used for vacuum drying materials, including wood products... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@globalmicroturbine.com | RSS | AMP |