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1.0 Introduction Codes and standards that regulate the safe performance of microturbine generators in or near buildings outside traditional utility jurisdiction will fall into one of three realms: C manufacturing specifications and design requirements of the unit or system (i.e., “the box”) C installation and operation C interactions between the microturbine unit and other building systems, structures, or life-safety issues. Historically, wide-scale power-generation technologies have been owned and operated by regulated utilities and have not been subject to local code requirements. However, in 2000, the International Building Code declared that utility-operated facilities not owned by--and dedicated to--the utility will fall under local code jurisdiction. Currently, no technology-specific code structure exists for the installation and baseload operation of microturbines by private nonutility parties in commercial or residential buildings. In such cases when a technology is not specifically referenced in the applicable code documents, code officials may disallow the installation and operation of that unit. Building officials may require specific tests to demonstrate “alternative compliance”; performing the necessary site-specific studies–possibly requiring modifications to the installation--can increase the installed cost of a unit beyond any reasonable expectation for return-on-investment. Further, with 44,000 state and local code jurisdictions in the United States, the absence of any reference in the national code bodies may kill altogether the early prospects for the deployment of a new technology. 1.1 Microturbine - Definitions Microturbines are typically single-shaft machines (one company is developing a twin-shaft) with the compressor and turbine mounted on the same shaft as the electrical generator. It therefore consists of only one rotating part, eliminating the gearbox and associated moving parts. This direct drive high-speed design has enabled manufacturers to create a more reliable compact power plant than traditional engine generator sets. The fuel of choice is natural gas delivered at pressures exceeding 55 psi (this requirement may go as high as 90 psi), although low-pressure gas can be boosted with centrifugal or scroll-type compressors. Systems can operate on propane as well, which requires on-site fuel storage. 1.1PDF Image | PNNL 13277
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