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Executive Summary As the nature of energy and electricity demand changes in the post-internet economy, demand for a variety of distributed energy resources (DER) grows -- natural-gas fired microturbines are just one of a suite of new power generation products entering (or soon to be) the U.S. marketplace. Developing an environmentally benign, efficient and cost-effective technology is paramount for all DER developers. But without the manufacturing, performance, installation and operation codes & standards necessary to support that technology, deployment--and ultimately financial success--may be delayed for years. Microturbines are typically single shaft machines (one company is developing a twin-shaft) with the compressor and turbine mounted on the same shaft as the electrical generator. It therefore consists of only one rotating part, eliminating the gearbox and associated moving parts. This direct-drive, high-speed design has enabled manufacturers to create a more reliable compact power plant than traditional engine generator sets. Codes and standards that regulate the safe performance of microturbine generators in or near build- ings outside traditional utility jurisdiction will fall into one of three realms, and have been separated into chapters within this report. Manufacturing Standards involve the materials, design and construction of a single unit, commonly referred to in the C&S industry as “the box.” Microturbines do not currently have a manufacturing or performance standard by which each unit can be evaluated. Underwriter’s Laboratories has listed one company’s product under UL 2200, “Stationary Engine Generator Assemblies.” The standard is under review for modifications to include microturbines by reference. Installation and Operation Standards address electrical- and fire-safety, and life-safety require- ments such as emergency backup systems for life-support operations or mission-critical systems. UL 2200 is most relevant here, as is EGSA 101, NFPA 37, 101 or 110, IEEE 519 (harmonic distortion) or ASME B133.8 (noise emissions). Interactions Between the MT Unit and Other Building Systems include fire protection, egress, ventilation, electrical shock protection, and fuel supply. The building code official will want to see sufficient space around, access to, and protection of the MT unit to ensure public safety under all conditions. Historically, wide-scale power generation technologies have been owned and operated by regulated utilities and have not been subject to local code requirements. However, in 2000, the International Building Code declared that utility-operated facilities not owned by--and dedicated to--the utility will fall iiiPDF Image | PNNL 13277
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