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Recommendations to Other Facilities For those facilities that may be interested in implementing a CHP project, there are several things to keep in mind while designing and installing a system. The first step is to talk with others who are involved in CHP operations. Their experiences and lessons learned can prove vital for project success. They can also provide input on whether you should pursue a performance-based, design/build project, or cost plus materials for installation of an engineered system. For those who use a design/build request for proposals (RFP) based on performance requirements, it is important to specify the outcomes you require and provide potential bidders data to use for design purposes. For instance, the chemical composition of the methane gas should be analyzed, including Btu content, chemical content, and moisture content, and this information should be provided with the RFP. Assumptions should be stated regarding methane production rates, weather/temperature conditions, indoor v. outdoor siting (and/or maximum noise levels), historical electric kWh and kW quantities, electric rate structure, interconnect requirements, permit requirements, and power quality requirements. When evaluating bid proposals, include a knowledgeable engineer on the review team to assist in “fatal flaw analysis,” so that significant issues or omissions can be caught as early as possible. The RFP should also require that the following items are clearly identified for proposed systems. o Process for siloxane removal from methane o Process for moisture removal from methane o Life expectancy of compressors and microturbines o Warrantees and service obligations/protocols o Dual-fuel capability (methane and natural gas), including blending options o Total kWh generated, parasitic loads, net kWh generation o Sequencing strategy (e.g., base load constant operation, peak shaving, etc.) o Equipment efficiency and total system efficiency o Anticipated maintenance and related costs o Emissions/ air quality o Material costs associated with backup (i.e., spare) equipment to be kept on hand (e.g., extra compressor) Beyond technical considerations, probably the most important requirement is to have project “champions” that will advocate for the project throughout the many obstacles that are sure to arise. The Essex Junction project had many! Without champions who are committed to overcome implementation barriers, many projects that are cost-effective will not secure funding, community support, and decision-maker approval. Conclusions The Essex Junction WWTF’s methane-fueled microturbine CHP installation was presented with a 2003 Vermont Governor’s Award for Environmental Excellence and Pollution Prevention. These awards are given for projects that reduce or eliminate the generation of pollutants and wastes at the source. Selection criteria include benefits to the environment, use of innovative approaches, economic efficiency, and the ability of an activity to serve as a model forPDF Image | Turning Methane into Money: Cost-Effective Methane Co-Generation Using Microturbines at a Small, Rural Wastewater Plant
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