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EARLY LFG PROJECTS By the summer of 2003, there will be about 100 microturbines operating on landfill gas (LFG) in the USA and abroad. Capstone Turbine Corporation’s first five experiences with LFG as an exclusive fuel source took place at the following sites: • Puente Hills Landfill, Whittier, CA • South Side Landfill, Indianapolis, IN • Burbank Landfill, Burbank, CA • Lopez Canyon Landfill, Sylmar, CA • Shepard Landfill, Calgary, Alberta (Canada) Puente Hills Landfill Puente Hills Landfill, operated by the Sanitation Districts of Los Angeles County, was the site of Capstone’s first attempt to operate its 30-kW microturbine generator exclusively on biogas. The unit commenced operation in mid 2000 and ran for about 2,000 hours and before it was brought back to the Capstone R&D facility to examine effects of such fueling on the microturbine engine. Significant learnings from this beta deployment included: ImportanceofremovingmoisturefromtheLFG stream; Early experience with scroll compressor operation using saturated LFG, including new experience with pressure and flow requirements; Early experience with desiccant and deliquescent gas drying; Early experience with the need to filter out siloxanes (which impact the operation of any combustion device, including reciprocating engines). South Side Landfill This first commercial deployment of a microturbine on LFG was installed by Indianapolis Power & Light (IPL) at the South Side Landfill in Indianapolis. IPL Principal Engineer Dan Melvin said the utility’s goal “was to be in the forefront on evaluating new technology,” adding that IPL desires “to use economically feasible renewable energy resources as much as possible.” After 10,000 hours of generally trouble-free operation, the microturbine engine halted. Factory inspection has revealed a significant level of siloxane-related encrusting of the microturbine recuperator (an internal device that recovers some exhaust heat to boost fuel efficiency) and micro-scarring of the turbine surface. The engine is being replaced and the system should shortly be back online with more diligent siloxane removal. Burbank Landfill Burbank Landfill, operated by the City of Burbank, was the second LFG-fueled microturbine installation to go online. The deployment site has 10 Capstone C30s and gas conditioning equipment that was installed by EMCON/OWT. The system began operating in 2001 and drew praise from California Governor Gray Davis during the height of that state’s energy crisis. Approximately 300 kW of power are generated for export to the local utility, Burbank Water & Power. The facility ran intermittently for approximately 3,000 hours but is currently down awaiting a new gas treatment system that has been redesigned according to Capstone best practices and learnings. The site is scheduled to return to operation in mid 2003. Significant learnings from this site included: Use of desiccant and deliquescent drying for improved dew point suppression in LFG; Additionalexperienceusingscrollcompressor technology for saturated LFG, partially leading to the current general recommendation to use sliding vane compressors. Lopez Canyon Landfill Lopez Canyon, operated by the Bureau of Sanitation of the City of Los Angeles, was the third Capstone LFG installation to go online prior to Calabasas. The site is home to the world’s largest array of microturbines: 50 C30s installed by the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power with gas conditioning installed by EMCON/OWT. Approximately 1.2 MW of power can be generated for export into the local utility grid (net of about 300 kW used onsite). The facility won one of the US EPA Landfill Methane Outreach Program’s “Project of the Year” awards for 2001 and was instrumental in the decision of the Financial Times to award the LADWP its Renewable Company of the Year Global Energy award. Significant learnings from this site included: Early and successful experience with refrigerated gas drying instead of desiccant and deliquescent drying; Early and successful experience using sliding vane compressor technology with saturated LFG; The importance of sizing the fuel delivery system and LFG wells to provide the adequate volume of fuel needed to run the entire multipac (current gas volume supports only about 40 of the 50 microturbines deployed).PDF Image | MICROTURBINE OPERATING EXPERIENCE AT LANDFILLS
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