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Anaerobic Digestion of farm and food processing residues GoodPractice Guidelines Page35 Box 1 What are Environmental Assessments and statements? Environmental Assessment (EA): ‘A technique and a process by which information about the environmental effects of a project is collected, both by the developer and from other sources, and taken into account by the planning authority in forming their judgement on whether the development should go ahead ... the whole process whereby information about the environmental effects of a project is collected, assessed and taken into account in reaching a decision on whether the project should go ahead or not. The term ‘environmental impact assessment’ (EIA) is also in common use and for practical purposes is synonymous with EA’ . Environmental Statement: ‘A document setting out the developer’s own assessment of his project’s likely environmental effects, which he prepares and submits in conjunction with his application for consent’. Taken from Environmental Assessment-A guide to the procedures, HMSO/Welsh Office 1989. BOX 3 What should an environmental statement cover? It is not possible to offer a definitive list of topics for an environmental statement, and developers will need to look at both wider and more local issues which cannot be identified in general guidelines. Also, circumstances and technologies change over time. Developers are advised to discuss it with the local authority and the Environment Agency to clarify specific local issues. However, the 1988 Regulations (Schedule 3, paras 2, 3 and 4) state that an environmental statement should provide certain specified information including: (a) a description of the development proposed, comprising information about the site and the design and size or scale of the development (b) the data necessary to identify and assess the main effects which that development is likely to have on the environment (c) a description of the likely significant effects, direct and indirect, on the environment of the development, explained by reference to its possible impact on: • human beings • flora • fauna • soil • water • air • climate • the landscape • the interaction between any of the above • material assets • the cultural heritage (d) where significant adverse effects are identified with respect to any of the foregoing, a description of the measures envisaged in order to avoid, reduce or remedy these effects (e) a summary in non-technical language of the information specified above. An environmental statement may include, by way of explanation or amplification of any specified information, further information on any of the following matters: (a) the physical characteristics of the proposed development, and the land-use requirements during the construction and operational phases (b) the main characteristics of the production processes proposed, including the nature and quality of the materials to be used (c) the estimated type and quantity of expected residues and emissions (including pollutants of water, air or soil, noise, vibration, light, heat and radiation) resulting from the proposed development when in operation (d) (in outline) the main alternatives (if any) studied by the applicant, appellant or authority and an indication of the main reasons for choosing the development proposed, taking into account the environmental effects (e) the likely significant direct and indirect effects on the environment of the development proposed which may result from: (i) the use of natural resources (ii) the emission of pollutants, the creation of nuisances, and the elimination of waste This includes secondary, cumulative, short, medium and long term, permanent, temporary, positive and negative effects (f) the forecasting methods used to assess any effects on the environment about which information is given under subparagraph (e), and (g) any difficulties, such as technical deficiencies or lack of know-how, encountered in compiling specified information Where further information is included in an environmental statement in this way, a non-technical summary of that information shall also be provided. Taken from Town and Country Planning (Assessment of Environmental Effects) Regulations 1988. BOX 2 When is an EA required? Statutory EA is only mandatory for a thermal power station with a heat output of 300 MW or more referred to as a Schedule 1 development under the Town and Country Planning (Assessment of Environmental Effects) Regulations 1988, and no AD projects are likely to reach anything like this size. However, smaller plants will require an EA if they are likely to have significant effects on the environment because of their nature, size or location (referred to as Schedule 2 developments under the 1988 regulations). ‘Significant effects’ have no general definition, but Government guidance lists three main criteria of significance: • Whether the project is of more than local importance, principally in terms of physical scale • Whether the project is intended for a particularly sensitive location, for example, a National Park or Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), and for that reason may have significant effects on the area’s environment even though the project is not on a major scale • Whether the project is thought likely to give rise to particularly complex or adverse effects, for example, in terms of the discharge of pollutants. Taken from Environmental Assessment-A guide to the procedures, HMSO/Welsh Office 1989. Exactly what supplementary environmental information may be required in any application for planning permission would need to be negotiated in each individual case with the planning authority concerned. The regulations governing this procedure are the Town and Country Planning (Assessment of Environmental Effects) Regulations 1988 (as amended) implementing EU Directive 85/337. These regulations include details of the matters to be addressed by an EA, and provide useful guidelines for any supplementary environmental information produced by developers (see Box 3)PDF Image | Anaerobic Digestion Of farm and food Processing residues The development of a sustainable industry
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