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An Introduction to Micro- Cogeneration

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An Introduction to Micro- Cogeneration ( an-introduction-micro--cogeneration )

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This kind of system is common in The Netherlands (over 2500 schemes), in Germany (around 1600, where they are better known as ‘BHKWs2’) and in the UK (1200 schemes). As small and localised as they can be they are usually above 20 kWe and therefore still not sized for the smallest applications such as providing just a few houses – not to mention a single house - with heat and power. EVOLUTION OF POWER PRODUCTION PLANT CENTRAL POWER DISTRICT HEATING +CHP SMALL SCALE CHP ??? PRIMARY ENERGY GAS / OIL COAL NUCLEAR GAS / OIL COAL GAS / OIL GAS / OIL CONVERSION EFFICIENCY TRANSMISSION LOSS 50% 10% USEFUL ENERGY 40% 88% 95% 80% 5% 2% 0% 75% 90% MICRO CHP 95% Courtesy of Sigma elektroteknisk Note: the efficiencies quoted are based on net calorific value of the fuel and are illustrative as they vary according to local circumstances. Therefore in recent years a few manufacturers have asked their R&D departments to go even further and work on ‘Mini’ and ‘Micro-cogeneration’ systems, i.e. below 20 kWe. Important feature: just as with their bigger equivalents, these systems are also based on the heat demand in order to maximize their environmental benefits. Within the micro-cogeneration category, one can differentiate between domestic cogeneration and non-domestic cogeneration. The first sub-category being 3 kWe or below is effectively designed to suit the needs of a household whereas the second can be used in bigger dwellings (apartment blocks, small hotels) or small facilities (swimming-pools). 2 «BlockHeizKraftWerke » or compact cogeneration units. 3

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