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SRI/USEPA-GHG-VR-27 September 2003 Heat recovery rate was measured simultaneous with electrical power measurements using an in-line PG flow meter (Onicon Model F-1110) and PG supply and return temperatures (Controlotron Model 1010EP). The meters enabled one-minute averages of differential heat exchanger temperatures and PG mixture flow rates to be monitored. Manual samples of the PG solution were collected to determine PG concentration, fluid density, and specific heat such that heat recovery rates could be calculated at actual conditions per ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 125 [4]. Heat Recovery Rate (Btu/min) = Vρ Cp (T1-T2) (Eqn. 2) where: 1.4.2. Measurement Equipment V = ρ = Cp = T1 = T2 = total volume of liquid passing through the heat meter flow sensor during a minute (ft3) density of PG solution (lb/ft3), evaluated at the avg. temp. (T2 plus T1)/2 specific heat of PG solution (Btu/lb oF), evaluated at the avg. temp. (T2 plus T1)/2 temperature of heated liquid exiting heat exchanger (oF), (see Figure 1-4) temperature of cooled liquid entering heat exchanger (oF), (see Figure 1-4) The average heat recovery rates measured during the controlled tests and the extended monitoring period represent the heat recovery performance of the CHP system. Thermal energy conversion efficiency was computed as the average heat recovered divided by the average energy input: ηT =60*Qavg /HI (Eqn.3) where: ηT = Qavg = HI = thermal efficiency (%) average heat recovered (Btu/min) average heat input using LHV (Btu/hr); determined by multiplying the average mass flow rate of natural gas to the system (converted to scfh) times the gas LHV (Btu/scf) Figure 1-4 illustrates the location of measurement instruments that were used in the verification. The ION electrical power meters continuously monitored the kilowatts of power generated by the Capstone 60 and consumed by the compressor at a rate of approximately one reading every 8 to 12 milliseconds. These data are averaged every minute using the GHG Center's data acquisition system (DAS). The generator meter was located in the main switchbox connecting the CHP to the host site and represented power delivered to Waldbaums. The real-time data collected by the meters were downloaded and stored on a data acquisition computer using Power Measurements’ PEGASYS software. The logged one-minute average kW readings were averaged over the duration of each controlled test period to compute electrical efficiency. The kW readings were integrated for the extended test period over the duration of the verification period to calculate total electrical energy generated in units of kilowatt hours (kWh). The mass flow rate of the fuel was measured using an integral orifice meter (Rosemount Model 3095/1195). The orifice meter contained a 0.512-inch orifice plate to enable flow measurements at the ranges expected during testing (10 to 15 scfm natural gas). The Rosemount orifice meter includes gas 1-10PDF Image | Environmental Technology Verification Report
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