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Behavior of Capstone and Honeywell Microturbine Generators During Load Changes 6. Conclusions Testing was conducted on three microturbines (two Capstone model 330s (LP and HP) and one Honeywell Parallon 75 kW). These tests recorded the behavior of the units operating in grid- connect, stand-alone, and parallel modes. Data were collected from MTG internal monitoring and by an Amprobe DMII data logger with one-second time resolution for all electrical parameters. 6.1 Grid-Connect Tests In the grid-connect tests, both MTGs tested were able to ramp power up and down as commanded by changes in their power set points. Although the ramping times for the two MTGs are similar at higher load set points, the Capstone MTG generally responded more slowly at load set points lower than 10 kW. This was a result of the rough operation of the Capstone unit at these lower load set points. The one case where the Honeywell responded more slowly was during ramping from 0 to 75 kW. During this ramping sequence, the turbine paused in the ramp up at about 68 kW and then continued to full power. This hesitation seemed to be caused by turbine speed reaching maximum value and DC link voltage reaching a limit. When viewed by ramping time per kW, the Capstone ramped at a slower rate than the Honeywell. This is mainly a result in the differences in the maximum output of the turbines (28 kW vs. 75 kW) and the that fact that the units have similar ramping times. Both machines have similar shutdown times (eight to 10 minutes). The turbine cool-down sequences occupied most of these time periods. The start-up sequence for the Capstone MTG (two minutes) was significantly faster than that for the Honeywell ( more than six minutes). This difference was mostly in the time to ramp the MTG from 0 to full power. The DC link voltage of the Capstone MTG was held very close to 760 VDC during changes in load; the Honeywell MTG allowed the voltage to change over a range of 500 to 550 VDC. The turbine speeds of both units varied with the power output; the Capstone unit ranged from 45,000 to 96,000 RPM. The Honeywell unit had a smaller range, from 52,000 to 65,000 RPM. Measurements of the output of the Capstone MTG showed that the current was balanced for all three legs regardless of the load and of a slight system voltage imbalance. The measurements for the Honeywell MTG showed similar results although the values displayed were noted as being averages. 6.2 Stand-Alone Tests Both MTGs were able to operate in stand-alone mode, setting voltage and frequency while isolated from the grid and connected to load banks. Changes in load bank settings were immediately satisfied by the MTGs being tested as long as load settings were maintained within each unit’s specifications. The Capstone MTG used an onboard battery to supply the energy necessary for the load changes while the turbine ramped to the new load level. The ramp-up rate was observed to be about 10 seconds for 0 to 24 kW (as compared to 50 seconds when the unit was in grid-parallel mode). The ramp-down rate was about 26 seconds for 24 to 0 kW (as 29PDF Image | Behavior of Capstone and Honeywell Microturbine Generators During Load Changes Consultant Report
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