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11/22/2021 Preferred Applications • High valued species • Timbers, large sections of lumber and logs • Live edge slabs • Decorative and thick veneer • Difficult to dry species • Smaller scale Where are we going? • How can vacuum drying be used in the large-scale operations? • Increase flexibility • Decrease lead times • Reduce amount of inventory Bond and Brenes 2017 25 26 27 28 29 30 Recent Findings • Flat lumber • Case hardening varied between charges • Tight moisture content • Color comparison Color Comparison Study Five #1 grade hard maple logs 8 ft 6 in. diameters of 14 to 16 in. at the small end were chosen for the study. Harvested September 16, 2019, in Langlade County, WI Logs were not end-coated and were sawn on October 3, 2019. Seven to nine boards were selected from each of the five logs based on the following criteria: all sapwood, clear, and free from discoloration. Dried to 7% MC In total, 206 board feet of lumber were used in the study. Drying Times • Samples in the vacuum kiln were dried in 58 hours using a vacuum of 10 cm Hg with a hold of 140o F for 8 hours, and the charge was completed when wood core temperature of 160o F was reached. • Samples in the conventional steam kiln were dried in 288 hours using the T1-C5 schedule. Color Comparison Study The eight readings taken by the spectrometer for each variable were averaged for each sample board. The 40 paired sample averages were compared Smith and Montoney (2000) determined that customers preferred a white color for hard maple with the following spectrophotometer data ranges of color values: L* = 79 to 88; a* = 3 to 7; b* = 14 to 19. These data were used for comparison purposes in this study 5PDF Image | Understanding Vacuum Drying Technologies
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