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Table IX Traditional Wet-bulb Temperatures for Equalizing Hardwoods Final Avg. MC -%- 6(5) 92 101 7(6) 99 108 8(7) 105 115 9(8) 111 121 Dry-Bulb Temperature, °F 140 150 160 170 -°F- -°F- 110 120 118 127 125 135 131 141 180 190 200 -°F- -°F- -°F- 130 140 150 137 147 157 145 156 167 152 163 174 -°F- -°F- The numbers in () are for target-2% and usually produce better quality. Conditioning begins when equalization is completed. (Note: Conditioning requires equalized lumber; otherwise stress relief will be spotty.) As mentioned, the key to conditioning is high temperature with rapid increase of moisture on the surface. Therefore, to condition, saturated, low pressure steam is injected into the dryer (Table 10). No heat is added for at least the first four hours. Then heat may be added as necessary. Usually the settings used for conditioning are calculated at a dry-bulb 10°F higher than the equalization setting. The heat in the steam spray will drive the dry-bulb up to this level initially. Conditioning continues until satisfactory stress relief is obtained. Unfortunately, the amount of stress in the lumber can only be assessed after the lumber has cooled, so determining the end point for conditioning requires a great deal of experience. Operating a Lumber Dryer discusses how to prepare sections to evaluate stresses. 46PDF Image | Principles and Practices of Drying Lumber
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