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Table VIII Modified Kiln Schedule (T3-D2) for 4/4 and 5/4 Upland Red Oak Moisture Content -%- Above 50 50to40 40to35 35to30 30to25 25to20 20to15 15 to end Dry-Bulb Wet-Bulb -°F- -°F- 110 106 110 105 110 102 110 96 120 90 130 90 140 100 160 120 Depression EMC RH -°F- -%- -%- 4 17 87 5 16 84 8 13 75 14 10 60 30 5 31 40 4 21 40 4 25 40 4 31 Note: The MC is based on properly prepared and placed samples and is the average of the wettest half of the samples. Dry-bulb temperatures are the maximum level recommended. Start-Up Procedures No matter if the lumber is predried or air dried before kiln drying, or even if it was just held for a day or two at the sawmill before shipping, the first step in preparing the lumber for drying is to carefully examine the lumber. The examination should include a check on the MC (Green lumber should be at the typical green MC level; if lower, than someone has already started to dry the lumber and could possible have damaged it.) and a check for surface, interior, and end checks. The extent of checking is determined by cutting a sample as illustrated in Figure 3. A kiln will not fix or repair existing damage. In fact, when preexisting damage is found, the schedule in the kiln should be modified by delaying the changes in kiln conditions by several days to a week (depending on the extent of the damage), by keeping temperatures lower than normal to enhance the wood's strength, and by avoiding any moisture regain. Whether the lumber has been damaged or not, one of the key concepts to successful drying is "Once drying begins, NEVER let the lumber pick up moisture!" This means, never expose the 44PDF Image | Principles and Practices of Drying Lumber
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