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6. CONCLUSION This study evaluated the kiln drying problems and issues of Canadian companies. A model to provide an understanding of which drying issues had an impact on a company's decision to upgrade its kilns was developed. The situation for Canadian and European wood producers with kilns was also assessed. As far as company profile information is concerned, it was found that the typical company produced primary wood products, had 2 or 3 kilns (with the most frequent being steam heated and direct fired), purchased energy to run its kilns, and employed between 101 and 200 persons. The average annual dried lumber production was approximately 82,000,000 b.f. and the average capacity of the largest kiln was approximately 170,000 b.f. Typically, companies dried softwood species (with the most frequent being spruce, pine, fir), produced dimensional lumber (with the second most frequent product being flooring, decking and stairs), and served primarily the Canadian and U.S. markets (and to a lesser extent the Japanese, European and Asian markets). The most important dried product quality problems were only considered as moderately serious issues. These included mainly moisture content related problems, shape deformations, end and surface checking. The low level of concern for dried product quality problems was attributed to the structure of the Canadian wood products industry. The majority of respondents were primary wood products producers drying softwood species and, in this type of operation, product quality is not the most important factor, but rather production volume is. This explanation was also in accordance with the fact that most of the drying process and kiln control issues investigated appeared to be important (with the most serious being airflow, maintenance and repairs, use of optimized schedules and quality control before, during and after drying), which is expected if production maximization is the main objective. Respondents perceived that all the groups of individuals investigated (kiln operators, equipment suppliers, distributors, sales personnel and customers) were knowledgeable in terms of kiln drying related issues with kiln operators being the most knowledgeable. 97PDF Image | KILN DRYING PROBLEMS AND ISSUES IN CANADA
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