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3.1 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN CONVENTIONAL AND VACUUM DRYING IN TERMS OF QUALITY, TIME, AND COSTS. The first objective was to estimate differences between conventional and vacuum drying times, quality, and costs for drying 4/4 red oak lumber. Four quarter red oak lumber was chosen because of its difficulty to dry (longer drying times and quality issues), its common use to manufacture goods and the availability of manufactures that use it. An extensive review of literature regarding the current state of conventional and vacuum drying technologies was performed, where differences known between how water is removed during the drying process, available technologies, quality (like color, warp, shrinkage), drying rates, and costs were determined. Manufactures of vacuum drying equipment in the United States were identified with the purpose of gathering information about the technology’s quality, drying times, and costs. Four potential manufactures were found by an Internet search and they were contacted. Of the 4 companies contacted, only one provided information, and this company will be called company A in the results (Section 4). Then, industries in hardwood manufacturing in the United States using vacuum drying in their operations were contacted. Four companies were found by an internet search, and only one provided information for the project. This manufacturer will be referred to as company B in section 4. Table 5 summarizes the companies of vacuum drying that were identified and contacted. For conventional drying, three flooring companies utilizing conventional drying were identified , and participated in providing data on 4/4 red oak. Table 5. Companies that sell and use vacuum drying equipment in the United States Companies that sells vacuum drying equipment HILDERBRAND BRUNNER Vacutherm PCS VacDry 9SCALE VACUUM PRODUCTS INC Companies that use vacuum drying Michigan Chair Company C.A. Elliott Lumber Co. Lewis & Huckleberry Armstrong 40PDF Image | Impact of Vacuum-Drying on Efficiency of Hardwood Products
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