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CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY This chapter describes the methods used to answer the three objectives and achieve goal of the project: to evaluate vacuum-drying technology and its economic feasibility to support the lean manufacturing of hardwood products compared to conventional drying technology. For this project the term conventional drying will refer to air drying plus kiln drying. Air drying uses outdoor conditions of temperature, relative humidity and airflow to remove water from wood. The lumber is stacked into piles and allowed to dry to 20-25% moisture content. Once the lumber reaches a 20-25% moisture content a conventional kiln is used to dry the wood to the final target moisture content of 6-8%. Vacuum drying is a type of kiln drying where the temperature at which water boils is determined by the pressure in the kiln vessel and it allows for the boiling of water at lower temperatures. Vacuum drying can be done for both green or air dried wood. For objective one, the difference between conventional and vacuum drying in terms of quality, drying times and costs were determined by using data collected from: 1) companies that sell vacuum drying equipment, 2) companies using the different drying technologies, and 3) literature. For vacuum drying, four companies that sell vacuum equipment were contacted, but only one provided information. Then, five companies that use this technology were contacted; only one provided information. Information from literature review was also used to complete objective 1. For conventional drying three companies using this drying technology were visited and information was collected. The data for vacuum and conventional drying were qualitatively compared. A cash flow analysis was developed using the cost data gathered for objective one. Then the net present value and internal rate of return was calculated for objective 3. Two case studies were developed using data from two companies visited for objective 1. The case studies were carried out to determine the impact of vacuum drying versus conventional drying with the goal of meeting the demand of one flooring line. A flooring line is the equipment used to manufacture flooring. Often, flooring companies will have multiple flooring lines or multiple lines of production. To reduce complexity, each case study 37PDF Image | Impact of Vacuum-Drying on Efficiency of Hardwood Products
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