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Sample boards are equally useful in the air drying yard and the dry kiln, so it’s appropriate to select and cut them when you stack the lumber. You can use the samples to determine when air dry lumber is ready to go into the kiln. CHOOSING SAMPLE BOARDS. Your drying quality will improve a lot if you take the time to select sample boards carefully and use them well. The boards going into your kiln have a range of initial moisture contents; some boards will dry more slowly or more quickly than the rest during drying, either because of their position in the stack or because there was something about those boards that made them dry at a different rate. Even if you are starting with green lumber, you need to have a good handle on the moisture variability in your lumber to run a kiln properly. The question that arises, then, is this: what types of boards are present in the load, and which are important to track during drying? You’re going to need to sample the boards in your drying packs, so it’s important that your samples are appropriate. Sample boards are shorter sections cut from full-length boards that you intentionally select from the load. Don’t choose the lousiest looking boards because you think that you’re going to lose money cutting your better-looking boards! It’s important to have the range of boards represented; range might mean quality, moisture content, grain orientation (plain or quartersawn), heartwood and sapwood, species (in a mixed charge), and (hopefully not, but it sometimes happens) thickness. To select good sample boards, you need to be able to identify those boards that represent the extremes of the boards in your charge: Identify boards that will dry faster as well as those that will dry slower than the rest; o You need to sample more slow-drying boards than fast-drying boards, because these are the boards that will dictate how quickly you can speed up the drying conditions. o You need to sample the fastest-drying boards too, because these are the boards that will help you to know when to set the kiln conditions to finish drying. Identify boards that are wetter or drier than the rest. o Some air-dried lumber will be wetter or drier just because of its position in the stack. o Boards closer to the ground or closer to the center of the stack will probably have slightly higher moisture contents. o Some boards were wetter than others when they were sawn. Boards that don’t represent either the driest or the wettest boards in your load as drying progresses won’t give you any information you would use to control the kiln. Remember Figure 23 showing the simulated moisture distribution for a pack of air-dried cherry heartwood lumber? The graph shows what the moisture content distribution might look like for a load of 150 air-dried black cherry heartwood boards. The average MC in this plot is 30%. 72PDF Image | HARDWOOD DRY KILN OPERATION A MANUAL FOR OPERATORS OF SMALL DRY KILNS
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