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Index of Schedules for Kiln-Drying United States and Canadian Softwood Species at Conventional Temperatures B. Time-Controlled Schedules1 Commonname(botanicalname) 4/4, 5/4 6/4 8/4 4/4,5/4 6/4 8/4 12/4,16/4 stock stock stock stock stock stock stock Comments Cedar Light to medium sorts only. Prone to collapse. For heavy sort, air dry to 20 percent moisture content and kiln dry by table 290, starting with step 4. Alaska yellow (Chamaecyparis nootkatensis) incense (Libocedrus decurrens) 287 290a 290 290 290 287 290 289 290a 290 290 289 – 296 a Use 12 hours for each setting. Decrease dry- and wet-bulb settings by 10 °F for first 48 hours. Port Orford (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana) western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis) western redcedar (Thuja plicata) 290 290 290 – 290 290 288 290 296 – 290 290 289 290 290 296 – –– Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) 291b 291c 291c 294d 294d 294d 288 Upper grades including laminated stock, dimension, 4/4 common. Clears and shop require conditioning in most cases. Ladder stock requires lower temperature to prevent strength reduction. Fir, true alpine (Abies lasiocarpa) balsam (A. balsamea) California red (A. magnifica) grand (A. grandis) noble (A. noblis) Pacific silver (A. amabilis) white (A. concolor) 291 291 291e 294f 294g 294g 228 True fir and hemlock can be dried together, but problems with percent overdry and wets are likely. e 96-108 hours all widths. f 96 hours flat grain; start with step 2 for vertical grain, 60 hours. g 10-14 days for sinker heartwood. Hemlock mountain (Tsuga mertensiana) 291 291 291 291 291 – – 291h 294i 294j – 294j – 288 Hemlock and true fir can be dried together, but problems with percent overdry and wets are likely. Prone to excessive warp and checking. h 96-108 hours all widths. western (T. heterophylla) Larch alpine (Larix Iyalli) western (L. occidentalis) –– – – 291 291 294 294 294 228 Pine eastern white (Pinus strobus) jack (P. banksiana) Jeffrey (P. jeffreyi) limber (P. flexilis) lodgepole (P. contorta) ponderosa (P. ponderosa) 308 291k 291k 291k 291k 297 – 309 – – – – 291 291 291 291 Lower grades2 Upper grades3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Table number - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 296 – 291k – – – k Omit first 12 hours of schedule. – – – – 291k 291k 291k 291k 291k 291k 291k 291k 298 298 299 300 301 302 291k 294 294 – 291k 294 294 289 b Omit step 1 and reduce step 3 to 12 hours. c Reduce step 3 to 12 hours. d Omit step 1 for vertical grain. i 96 hours flat grain; start with step 2 for vertical grain, 60 hours. j 14 days for sinker heartwood.PDF Image | Dry Kiln Schedules for Commercial Woods Temperate and Tropical
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