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AC 43.13-1B 9/8/98 hydrometer indication. As an example, a hy- drometer reading of 1.260 and the temperature of the electrolyte at 40 °F, the corrected spe- cific gravity reading of the electrolyte is 1.244. TABLE 11-2. Sulfuric acid temperature correction. wiring and connectors or accumulation of powdered salts). If the battery needs to be re- filled often, with no evidence of external leak- age, this may indicate a poor state of the bat- tery, the battery charging system, or an over charge condition. (1) Use a hydrometer to determine the specific gravity of the battery electrolyte, which is the weight of the electrolyte com- pared to the weight of pure water. (2) Take care to ensure the electrolyte is returned to the cell from which it was ex- tracted. When a specific gravity difference of 0.050 or more exists between cells of a bat- tery, the battery is approaching the end of its useful life and replacement should be consid- ered. Electrolyte level may be adjusted by the addition of distilled water. c. State of Charge. Battery state of charge will be determined by the cumulative effect of charging and discharging the battery. In a normal electrical charging system the bat- tery’s generator or alternator restores a battery to full charge during a flight of one hour to ninety minutes. d. Mechanical Integrity. Proper me- chanical integrity involves the absence of any physical damage as well as assurance that hardware is correctly installed and the battery is properly connected. Battery and battery compartment venting system tubes, nipples and attachments, when required, provide a means of avoiding the potential buildup of ex- plosive gases, and should be checked periodi- cally to ensure that they are securely connected and oriented in accordance with the mainte- nance manual’s installation procedures. Al- ways follow procedures approved for the spe- cific aircraft and battery system to ensure that the battery system is capable of delivering specified performance. Electrolyte Temperature Points to be subtracted or added to specific gravity readings 11-19. BATTERY MAINTENANCE. °C °F 60 55 49 43 38 33 27 23 15 10 5 -2 -7 -13 -18 -23 -28 -35 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 -10 -20 -30 +24 +20 +16 +12 +8 +4 0 -4 -8 -12 -16 -20 -24 -28 -32 -36 -40 -44 Battery inspection and maintenance procedures vary with the type of chemical technology and the type of physical construction. Always fol- low the battery manufacturer’s approved pro- cedures. Battery performance at any time in a given application will depend upon the bat- tery’s age, state of health, state of charge, and mechanical integrity. a. Age. To determine the life and age of the battery, record the install date of the battery on the battery. During normal battery mainte- nance, battery age must be documented either in the aircraft maintenance log or in the shop maintenance log. b. State of Health. Lead-acid battery state of health may be determined by duration of service interval (in the case of vented bat- teries), by environmental factors (such as ex- cessive heat or cold), and by observed electro- lyte leakage (as evidenced by corrosion of Page 11-6 Par 11-18PDF Image | AFS-640
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