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AC 43.13-1B CHG 1 9/27/01 technician should be guided by local, state, and federal regulations, with regard to means of disposal of used hydraulic fluid. Presently, the most universally accepted procedure for dis posal of phosphate ester-based fluid is incin eration. 9-30. HYDRAULIC LINES AND FIT- TINGS. Carefully inspect all lines and fittings at regular intervals to ensure airworthiness. Investigate any evidence of fluid loss or leaks. Check metal lines for leaks, loose anchorage, scratches, kinks, or other damage. Inspect fit tings and connections for leakage, looseness, cracks, burrs, or other damage. Replace or re pair defective elements. Make sure the lines and hoses do not chafe against one another and are correctly secured and clamped. a. Replacement of Metal Lines. When inspection shows a line to be damaged or de fective, replace the entire line or, if the dam aged section is localized, a repair section may be inserted. In replacing lines, always use tubing of the same size and material as the original line. Use the old tubing as a template in bending the new line, unless it is too greatly damaged, in which case a template can be made from soft iron wire. Soft aluminum tubing (1100, 3003, or 5052) under 1⁄4-inch outside diameter may be bent by hand.. For all other tubing use an acceptable hand or power tube-bending tool. Bend tubing carefully to avoid excessive flattening, kinking, or wrin kling. Minimum bend radii values are shown in table 9-2. A small amount of flattening in bends is acceptable, but do not exceed 75 percent of the original outside diameter. Excessive flattening will cause fatigue failure of the tube. When installing the replacement tubing, line it up correctly with the mating part so that it is not forced into alignment by tight ening of the coupling nuts. b. Tube Connections. Many tube con nections are made using flared tube ends with standard connection fittings: AN-818 (MS 20818) nut and AN-819 (MS 20819) sleeve. In forming flares, cut the tube ends square, file smooth, remove all burrs and sharp edges, and thoroughly clean. The tubing is then flared using the correct 37-degree aviation flare forming tool for the size of tubing and type of fitting. A double flare is used on soft aluminum tubing 3/8-inch outside diameter and under, and a single flare on all other tub ing. In making the connections, use hydraulic fluid as a lubricant and then tighten. Over- tightening will damage the tube or fitting, which may cause a failure. Under-tightening may cause leakage which could result in a system failure. CAUTION: Mistaken use of 45-degree automotive flare forming tools may result in improper tubing flare shape and angle; causing misfit, stress and strain, and probable system failure. c. Repair of Metal Tube Lines. Minor dents and scratches in tubing may be repaired. Scratches or nicks not deeper than 10 percent of the wall thickness in aluminum alloy tubing, that are not in the heel of a bend, may be re paired by burnishing with hand tools. Replace lines with severe die marks, seams, or splits in the tube. Any crack or deformity in a flare is unacceptable and cause for rejection. A dent less than 20 percent of the tube diameter is not objectionable unless it is in the heel of a bend. A severely-damaged line should be replaced; however, it may be repaired by cutting out the damaged section and inserting a tube section of the same size and material. Flare both ends of the undamaged and replacement tube sec tions and make the connection by using stan dard unions, sleeves, and tube nuts. If the damaged portion is short enough, omit the in sert tube and repair by using one union and two sets of connection fittings. Page 9-18 Par 9-29PDF Image | AFS-640
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