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AC 43.13-1B CHG 1 9/27/01 airframe manufacturers dubbed these new gen erations of hydraulic fluid as “types” based on their performance. Today, types IV and V fluids are used. Two distinct classes of type IV fluids exist based on their density: class I fluids are low density and class II are standard density. The class I fluids provide weight savings advantages versus class II. Monsanto and Exxon are the suppliers of the type IV phosphate ester-based aviation hydraulic flu ids. (2) In addition to the type IV fluids that are currently in use, type V fluids are being developed in response to industry demands for a more thermally stable fluid at higher operat ing temperatures. Type V fluids will be more resistant to hydrolytic and oxidative degrada tion at high temperature than the type IV flu ids. d. Materials of Construction. Hydraulic systems require the use of special accessories that are compatible with the hydraulic fluid. Appropriate seals, gaskets, and hoses must be specifically designated for the type of fluid in use. Care must be taken to ensure that the components installed in the system are com patible with the fluid. When gaskets, seals, and hoses are replaced, positive identification should be made to ensure that they are made of the appropriate material. (1) Phosphate ester-based hydraulic fluids have good solvency properties and may act as plasticizer for certain polymers. Care should be taken in handling to keep the fluid from spilling on plastic materials and paint finishes. (2) If a small amount of the fluid is spilled during handling, it must be cleaned up immediately with a dry cloth. When larger quantities are spilled, an absorbent sweeping compound is recommended. A final cleaning with an approved solvent or detergent should remove any traces of fluid. 9-28. HANDLING HYDRAULIC FLUID. In addition to any other instructions provided in the aircraft maintenance manual or by the fluid supplier, the following general precau tions must be observed in the handling of hy draulic fluids: a. Ensure that each aircraft hydraulic system is properly identified to show the kind of fluid to be used in the system. Identification at the filler cap or valve must clearly show the type of fluid to be used or added. b. Never allow different categories of hy draulic fluids to become mixed. Chemical re actions may occur, fire resistant fluids may lose their fire resistance, seals may be dam aged, etc. c. Never, under any circumstances, serv ice an aircraft system with a fluid different from that shown on the instruction plate. d. Make certain that hydraulic fluids and fluid containers are protected from contamina tion of any kind. Dirt particles may cause hy draulic units to become inoperative, cause seal damage, etc. If there is any question regarding the cleanliness of the fluid, do not use it. Containers for hydraulic fluid must never be left open to air longer than necessary. e. Do not expose fluids to high tempera ture or open flames. Mineral-based fluids are highly flammable. f. The hydrocarbon-based hydraulic fluids are, in general, safe to handle. To work with these fluids, reasonable handling proce dures must always be followed. Take precau tion to avoid fluid getting in the eyes. If fluid contacts the eye, wash immediately with water. Page 9-14 Par 9-27PDF Image | AFS-640
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