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9/27/01 AC 43.13-1B CHG 1 CHAPTER 9. AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS AND COMPONENTS SECTION 1. INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE OF LANDING GEAR 9-1. GENERAL. a. The landing gear on aircraft may be fixed or retractable. A fixed gear may be wheels, floats, or skis; and for amphibians a combination of floats and wheels. b. Retractable gear on aircraft is usually operated with hydraulic or electric power, al- though some models of light general aviation aircraft have manual retract systems operated by a lever in the cockpit. (1) In addition to the normal operating system, emergency systems are usually pro- vided to ensure that the landing gear can be lowered in case of main-system failure. (2) Emergency systems consist of backup hydraulic systems, or stored nitrogen gas bottles that can be directed into actuating cylinders, mechanical systems that can be op- erated manually, or free-fall gravity systems. 9-2. GENERAL INSPECTION. A thor- ough inspection of the landing gear involves the entire structure of the gear, including at- tachments, struts, wheels, brakes, actuating mechanisms for retractable gears, gear hydrau- lic system and valves, gear doors, and all asso- ciated parts. The manufacturer’s inspection procedures should be followed where applica- ble. 9-3. CLEANING AND LUBRICATING. It is recommended that only easily removable neutral solutions be used when cleaning land- ing gear components. Any advantage, such as speed or effectiveness, gained by using clean- ers containing corrosive materials, can be quickly counteracted if these materials become trapped in close-fitting surfaces and crevices. Wear points, such as landing gear up-and- down latches, jack-screws, door hinges, pul- leys, cables, bellcranks, and all pressure-type grease fittings, should be lubricated after every cleaning operation. To prevent possible failure of a component due to incompatibility or breakdown of the grease, the following should be observed: 1. Use only greases approved for use by the product manufacturer. 2. Never mix different kinds of grease without approval from the product manufacturer. 3. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions or FAA approved process for cleaning, purging, and lubricating of the compo- nent. To obtain proper lubrication of the main sup- port bushings, it may be necessary to jack the aircraft. NOTE: Any time the aircraft is on jacks, check the landing gear main support bushings for wear. Consult the aircraft manufacturer’s overhaul manual for specific wear tolerances. During winter operation, excess grease may congeal and cause increased loads on the gear retraction system, electric motors, and hydrau- lic pumps. This condition can lead to compo- nent malfunctions; therefore, it is recom- mended that cleanliness be stressed during and after lubrication. 9-4. FIXED-GEAR INSPECTION. Fixed landing gear should be examined regularly for wear, deterioration, corrosion, alignment, and other factors that may cause failure or unsatis- factory operation. During a 100-hour or an- Par 9-1 Page 9-1PDF Image | AFS-640
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